महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-43, verse-24

नासु स्नेहो नृभिः कार्यस्तथैवेर्ष्या जनेश्वर ।
खेदमास्थाय भुञ्जीत धर्ममास्थाय चैव हि ॥२४॥

24. nāsu sneho nṛbhiḥ kāryastathaiverṣyā janeśvara ,
khedamāsthāya bhuñjīta dharmamāsthāya caiva hi.

24. janeśvara nṛbhiḥ na āsu snehaḥ kāryaḥ tathā eva īrṣyā
ca eva hi khedam āsthāya dharmam āsthāya bhuñjīta

24. O lord of men, affection should not be shown towards them by men, nor likewise jealousy. One should engage with them by undertaking effort, and indeed, by upholding (their) intrinsic nature (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• आसु (āsu) - towards/in them (referring to women from previous verse) (in them, among them)

• स्नेहः (snehaḥ) - affection (affection, love, tenderness)

• नृभिः (nṛbhiḥ) - by men

• कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be shown (or done) (should be done, fit to be done)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - likewise (reinforcing `tathā`) (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• ईर्ष्या (īrṣyā) - jealousy (jealousy, envy)

• जनेश्वर (janeśvara) - O lord of men (addressing Yudhisthira) (O lord of men, O king)

• खेदम् (khedam) - effort, trouble (weariness, trouble, effort, pain)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - by undertaking, by resorting to (having resorted to, having adopted, having taken one's stand on)

• भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - one should engage with/enjoy (one should enjoy, one should experience, one should eat)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - (their) intrinsic nature (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - by upholding (having resorted to, having adopted, having taken one's stand on)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आसु (āsu) - towards/in them (referring to women from previous verse) (in them, among them)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

स्नेहः (snehaḥ) - affection (affection, love, tenderness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, oil, fat, stickiness

Root: snih (class 4)

नृभिः (nṛbhiḥ) - by men

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, male

कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be shown (or done) (should be done, fit to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, business, action

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ- (to do) with suffix -ya (variant of -ṇya)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to `snehaḥ`.

तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - likewise (reinforcing `tathā`) (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

ईर्ष्या (īrṣyā) - jealousy (jealousy, envy)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of īrṣyā

īrṣyā - jealousy, envy

Note: Subject of implied `kāryā` (should be done).

जनेश्वर (janeśvara) - O lord of men (addressing Yudhisthira) (O lord of men, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janeśvara

janeśvara - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+īśvara)

• jana – man, person, people
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

खेदम् (khedam) - effort, trouble (weariness, trouble, effort, pain)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kheda

kheda - fatigue, weariness, trouble, pain

Root: khid (class 1)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - by undertaking, by resorting to (having resorted to, having adopted, having taken one's stand on)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya (for compound verbs)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - one should engage with/enjoy (one should enjoy, one should experience, one should eat)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to an implied subject 'one'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - (their) intrinsic nature (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: One of the special terms.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - by upholding (having resorted to, having adopted, having taken one's stand on)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya (for compound verbs)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)