महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-34, verse-20

वासुदेव उवाच ।
मातरं सर्वभूतानां पृच्छे त्वा संशयं शुभे ।
केन स्वित्कर्मणा पापं व्यपोहति नरो गृही ॥२०॥

20. vāsudeva uvāca ,
mātaraṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ pṛcche tvā saṁśayaṁ śubhe ,
kena svitkarmaṇā pāpaṁ vyapohati naro gṛhī.

20. vāsudevaḥ uvāca mātaram sarvabhūtānām pṛcche tvā saṃśayam
śubhe kena svit karmaṇā pāpam vyapohati naraḥ gṛhī

20. vāsudevaḥ uvāca śubhe,
sarvabhūtānām mātaram tvā saṃśayam pṛcche gṛhī naraḥ kena svit karmaṇā pāpam vyapohati ?

20. Vāsudeva said: "O auspicious one (śubhe), mother of all beings, I ask you this question: By what action (karma) does a householder (gṛhī) dispel sin?"

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

• सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings

• पृच्छे (pṛcche) - I ask

• त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

• संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, question

• शुभे (śubhe) - Referring to the Earth, who is considered auspicious. (O auspicious one, O beautiful one)

• केन (kena) - by what, by which

• स्वित् (svit) - Emphasizes the interrogative 'kena'. (indeed, perhaps (particle))

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action (karma)

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, bad deed

• व्यपोहति (vyapohati) - dispels, removes, takes away

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a human

• गृही (gṛhī) - a householder

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Vāsudeva (a patronymic of Kṛṣṇa), son of Vasudeva

From 'vasudeva' (father's name) + 'aṇ' suffix.

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother, producer, source

ṛ-stem noun.

Note: Object of 'pṛcche'.

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound 'sarva' + 'bhūta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past, happened
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'bhū' (to be, to become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mātaram'.

पृच्छे (pṛcche) - I ask

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prach

Present tense, ātmanepada.

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: ātmanepada form.

त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun, second person)

Pronominal stem for second person.

Note: Object of 'pṛcche'.

संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, question

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, question, uncertainty, suspicion

From root 'śī' (to lie, to doubt) with prefix 'sam-'.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Object of 'pṛcche'.

शुभे (śubhe) - Referring to the Earth, who is considered auspicious. (O auspicious one, O beautiful one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of śubhā

śubha - auspicious, beautiful, brilliant, pure, good

Note: Addressed to the Earth (Pṛthvī).

केन (kena) - by what, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'karmaṇā'.

स्वित् (svit) - Emphasizes the interrogative 'kena'. (indeed, perhaps (particle))

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or interrogative particle.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action (karma)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, fate, effect (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix 'man'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Instrument of 'vyapohati'.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, bad deed

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, wicked, bad, sin, vice

Note: Object of 'vyapohati'.

व्यपोहति (vyapohati) - dispels, removes, takes away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ūh

Root 'ūh' with prefixes 'vi-' and 'apa-'.

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: ūh (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a human

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Note: Subject of 'vyapohati', modified by 'gṛhī'.

गृही (gṛhī) - a householder

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhin

gṛhin - householder, one who lives in a house, a family man

From 'gṛha' (house) + 'in' suffix.

Note: Appears to be in apposition to or a qualifier for 'naraḥ'.