महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-34, verse-17

चित्रायुधांश्चाप्यजयन्नेते कृष्णाजिनध्वजाः ।
प्रक्षिप्याथ च कुम्भान्वै पारगामिनमारभेत् ॥१७॥

17. citrāyudhāṁścāpyajayannete kṛṣṇājinadhvajāḥ ,
prakṣipyātha ca kumbhānvai pāragāminamārabhet.

17. citrāyudhān ca api ajayan ete kṛṣṇājinadhvajāḥ
prakṣipya atha ca kumbhān vai pāragāminam ārabhet

17. ete kṛṣṇājinadhvajāḥ citrāyudhān ca api ajayan
atha ca kumbhān prakṣipya vai pāragāminam ārabhet

17. And these, marked by their black deerskin banners, also conquered those armed with various weapons. Then, having cast the pots, one should indeed begin the task of reaching the other side (completion).

Words meanings summery:

• चित्रायुधान् (citrāyudhān) - the opponents, characterized by their varied weaponry (those having variegated weapons, armed with diverse weapons)

• च (ca) - connects this conquest to previous statements (if any) or simply an additive 'and' (and)

• अपि (api) - emphasizes that this conquest was also achieved by them (also, even, too)

• अजयन् (ajayan) - gained victory over (they conquered, they won)

• एते (ete) - refers to a group implied from previous context, identified by their banners (these)

• कृष्णाजिनध्वजाः (kṛṣṇājinadhvajāḥ) - a distinctive epithet for a specific group of warriors or ascetics (those whose banners are black deer skins)

• प्रक्षिप्य (prakṣipya) - having ritually placed or cast the pots (having thrown in, having poured in, having deposited)

• अथ (atha) - indicates a sequence of actions (then, now, thereupon)

• च (ca) - connects the two parts of the sentence, or a general 'and' (and)

• कुम्भान् (kumbhān) - ritual pots or containers (pots, pitchers)

• वै (vai) - emphasizes the certainty or necessity of the action (indeed, certainly)

• पारगामिनम् (pāragāminam) - referring to a task or journey that leads to completion or the ultimate goal (one who goes to the other shore, leading to the end, completing)

• आरभेत् (ārabhet) - indicates the commencement of a particular task or ritual (one should begin, one should undertake)

Words meanings and morphology

चित्रायुधान् (citrāyudhān) - the opponents, characterized by their varied weaponry (those having variegated weapons, armed with diverse weapons)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of citrāyudha

citrāyudha - having variegated weapons, armed with strange weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (citra+āyudha)

• citra – bright, clear, variegated, manifold, wonderful
  adjective
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies an implied noun, referring to people.

च (ca) - connects this conquest to previous statements (if any) or simply an additive 'and' (and)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - emphasizes that this conquest was also achieved by them (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

अजयन् (ajayan) - gained victory over (they conquered, they won)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √ji

past imperfect active 1st class

Root √ji (1st class) with augment a-

Prefix: a

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'ete kṛṣṇājinadhvajāḥ'.

एते (ete) - refers to a group implied from previous context, identified by their banners (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Subject of 'ajayan'.

कृष्णाजिनध्वजाः (kṛṣṇājinadhvajāḥ) - a distinctive epithet for a specific group of warriors or ascetics (those whose banners are black deer skins)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛṣṇājinadhvaja

kṛṣṇājinadhvaja - having black deer-skin banners

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛṣṇa+ajina+dhvaja)

• kṛṣṇa – black, dark; name of a deity
  adjective
• ajina – skin, hide (especially of an antelope)
  noun (neuter)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'ete'.

प्रक्षिप्य (prakṣipya) - having ritually placed or cast the pots (having thrown in, having poured in, having deposited)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √kṣip (6th class) with prefix pra- and suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: kṣip (class 6)

अथ (atha) - indicates a sequence of actions (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - connects the two parts of the sentence, or a general 'and' (and)

(indeclinable)

कुम्भान् (kumbhān) - ritual pots or containers (pots, pitchers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kumbha

kumbha - pot, pitcher, water-pot, measure of grain

Note: Object of 'prakṣipya'.

वै (vai) - emphasizes the certainty or necessity of the action (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: An emphatic particle.

पारगामिनम् (pāragāminam) - referring to a task or journey that leads to completion or the ultimate goal (one who goes to the other shore, leading to the end, completing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāragāmin

pāragāmin - going to the opposite shore, reaching the end, accomplishing, crossing over

Agent noun/Adjective from √gam

Compound of pāra (other shore) and gāmin (one who goes). Derived from root √gam (to go) with suffix -in.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāra+gāmin)

• pāra – other side, opposite bank, end, limit
  noun (neuter)
• gāmin – going, moving, leading to
  adjective
  Agent noun/Adjective
  From root √gam (to go) + suffix -in.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as an object of 'ārabhet', often implying 'the one who leads/reaches the end' or 'the act of reaching the end'.

आरभेत् (ārabhet) - indicates the commencement of a particular task or ritual (one should begin, one should undertake)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √rabh

optative active 1st class

Root √rabh (1st class) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Implied subject is 'one'.