महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-86, verse-5

भीष्म उवाच ।
एवमेतन्महाप्राज्ञ यथा वदसि बुद्धिमान् ।
दुर्लभः पुरुषः कश्चिदेभिर्गुणगुणैर्युतः ॥५॥

5. bhīṣma uvāca ,
evametanmahāprājña yathā vadasi buddhimān ,
durlabhaḥ puruṣaḥ kaścidebhirguṇaguṇairyutaḥ.

5. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca evam etat mahāprājña yathā vadasi
buddhimān durlabhaḥ puruṣaḥ kaścit ebhiḥ guṇaguṇaiḥ yutaḥ

5. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca mahāprājña buddhimān yathā vadasi,
evam etat (asti).
ebhiḥ guṇaguṇaiḥ yutaḥ kaścit puruṣaḥ durlabhaḥ (asti).

5. Bhishma said: "O greatly wise and intelligent one, it is exactly as you say. A person (puruṣa) endowed with these excellent qualities is indeed rare."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The venerable patriarch Bhishma (Bhishma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma spoke (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - exactly so (thus, so, indeed)

• एतत् (etat) - this (matter) (this, it)

• महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one (vocative for Yudhishthira) (O greatly wise one, O very discerning one)

• यथा (yathā) - as (you say) (as, like, just as)

• वदसि (vadasi) - as you say (you say, you speak)

• बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - O intelligent one (vocative for Yudhishthira) (intelligent, wise, discerning)

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain, hard to find)

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person (puruṣa) (person, man, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa))

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain (person) (some, any, a certain)

• एभिः (ebhiḥ) - with these (qualities) (by these, with these)

• गुणगुणैः (guṇaguṇaiḥ) - by these excellent qualities (by excellent qualities, by qualities of qualities)

• युतः (yutaḥ) - endowed with (qualities) (endowed with, joined with, possessed of)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The venerable patriarch Bhishma (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable; name of a hero

उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma spoke (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

perfect active

Perfect 3rd person singular active of √vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - exactly so (thus, so, indeed)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (matter) (this, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira's statement

महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one (vocative for Yudhishthira) (O greatly wise one, O very discerning one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very discerning

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, discerning
  adjective (masculine)
  From pra-jñā (to know well)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Addressed to Yudhishthira

यथा (yathā) - as (you say) (as, like, just as)

(indeclinable)

वदसि (vadasi) - as you say (you say, you speak)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of √vad

present active

Present 2nd person singular active of √vad (class 1)

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Subject is the implied 'you' (Yudhishthira)

बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - O intelligent one (vocative for Yudhishthira) (intelligent, wise, discerning)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of buddhimat

buddhimat - intelligent, wise, discerning

From buddhi + -mat suffix

Note: Addressed to Yudhishthira.

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain, hard to find)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - rare, difficult to obtain, hard to find

From dur (difficult) + √labh (to obtain)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+labha)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
• labha – obtaining, gain
  noun (masculine)
  From √labh (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for puruṣaḥ

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person (puruṣa) (person, man, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, supreme cosmic person

Note: Subject of the sentence

कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain (person) (some, any, a certain)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, any, a certain

From kim (what) + cit (an emphatic particle)

Note: Functions as an indefinite article for puruṣaḥ

एभिः (ebhiḥ) - with these (qualities) (by these, with these)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the qualities mentioned implicitly or in a previous verse.

गुणगुणैः (guṇaguṇaiḥ) - by these excellent qualities (by excellent qualities, by qualities of qualities)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇaguṇa

guṇaguṇa - excellent quality, quality of qualities, collection of good qualities

Compound type : dvandva or tatpurusha (guṇa+guṇa)

• guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute
  noun (masculine)
• guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies yutaḥ

युतः (yutaḥ) - endowed with (qualities) (endowed with, joined with, possessed of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuta

yuta - joined, united, endowed with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √yu (to join)

Root: yu (class 2)

Note: Takes instrumental case for what one is endowed with.