महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-86, verse-31

व्यूहयन्त्रायुधीयानां तत्त्वज्ञो विक्रमान्वितः ।
वर्षशीतोष्णवातानां सहिष्णुः पररन्ध्रवित् ॥३१॥

31. vyūhayantrāyudhīyānāṁ tattvajño vikramānvitaḥ ,
varṣaśītoṣṇavātānāṁ sahiṣṇuḥ pararandhravit.

31. vyūhayantrāyudhīyānām tattvajñaḥ vikramānvitaḥ
varṣaśītoṣṇavātānām sahiṣṇuḥ pararandhravit

31. [saḥ] vyūhayantrāyudhīyānām tattvajñaḥ vikramānvitaḥ
varṣaśītoṣṇavātānām sahiṣṇuḥ pararandhravit [syāt]

31. [A commander should be] an expert in military formations, siege engines, and weaponry, endowed with valor, capable of enduring rain, cold, heat, and winds, and knowledgeable about the weaknesses of adversaries.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यूहयन्त्रायुधीयानाम् (vyūhayantrāyudhīyānām) - of military formations, machines, and soldiers/weapons

• तत्त्वज्ञः (tattvajñaḥ) - expert in military formations and weaponry (knower of truth, expert, one who understands the essence)

• विक्रमान्वितः (vikramānvitaḥ) - endowed with valor, courageous

• वर्षशीतोष्णवातानाम् (varṣaśītoṣṇavātānām) - of rain, cold, heat, and winds

• सहिष्णुः (sahiṣṇuḥ) - enduring, patient, tolerant

• पररन्ध्रवित् (pararandhravit) - knower of others' weaknesses, skilled in detecting enemies' faults

Words meanings and morphology

व्यूहयन्त्रायुधीयानाम् (vyūhayantrāyudhīyānām) - of military formations, machines, and soldiers/weapons

(noun)

Genitive, plural of vyūhayantrāyudhīya

vyūhayantrāyudhīya - pertaining to military formations, machines, and weaponry/soldiers

Compound type : dvandva (vyūha+yantra+āyudhīya)

• vyūha – military formation, arrangement, disposition
  noun (masculine)
• yantra – machine, instrument, device, contrivance
  noun (neuter)
• āyudhīya – pertaining to weapons; a warrior, soldier (when used as a noun)
  adjective (masculine)

तत्त्वज्ञः (tattvajñaḥ) - expert in military formations and weaponry (knower of truth, expert, one who understands the essence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tattvajña

tattvajña - knower of truth, expert in reality, philosopher

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+jña)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, conversant with, acquainted with, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

विक्रमान्वितः (vikramānvitaḥ) - endowed with valor, courageous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikramānvita

vikramānvita - endowed with valor, courageous, brave

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vikrama+anvita)

• vikrama – valor, courage, heroism, power
  noun (masculine)
• anvita – accompanied by, connected with, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root i with prefix anu
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

वर्षशीतोष्णवातानाम् (varṣaśītoṣṇavātānām) - of rain, cold, heat, and winds

(noun)

Genitive, plural of varṣaśītoṣṇavāta

varṣaśītoṣṇavāta - rain, cold, heat, and winds (collectively)

Compound type : dvandva (varṣa+śīta+uṣṇa+vāta)

• varṣa – rain, rainy season, year
  noun (masculine)
• śīta – cold, coolness
  noun (neuter)
• uṣṇa – heat, hotness
  noun (neuter)
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)

सहिष्णुः (sahiṣṇuḥ) - enduring, patient, tolerant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahiṣṇu

sahiṣṇu - patient, enduring, tolerant, forbearing

Kṛt suffix iṣṇuc

Derived from root sah

Root: sah (class 1)

पररन्ध्रवित् (pararandhravit) - knower of others' weaknesses, skilled in detecting enemies' faults

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pararandhravid

pararandhravid - one who knows the weak points of others or enemies

from root vid preceded by pararandhra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+randhra+vid)

• para – other, another, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• randhra – hole, opening, weakness, fault, vulnerability
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knowing, one who knows
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)