महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-70, verse-31

यस्यां भवन्ति भूतानि तद्विद्धि भरतर्षभ ।
एष एव परो धर्मो यद्राजा दण्डनीतिमान् ॥३१॥

31. yasyāṁ bhavanti bhūtāni tadviddhi bharatarṣabha ,
eṣa eva paro dharmo yadrājā daṇḍanītimān.

31. yasyām bhavanti bhūtāni tat viddhi bharatarṣabha
eṣaḥ eva paraḥ dharmaḥ yat rājā daṇḍanītimān

31. bharatarṣabha,
yasyām bhūtāni bhavanti,
tat viddhi.
eṣaḥ eva paraḥ dharmaḥ yat rājā daṇḍanītimān

31. Know this, O best of Bharatas, that (state) in which all beings flourish. This indeed is the supreme natural law (dharma): that the king possesses and upholds the science of governance (daṇḍanīti).

Words meanings summery:

• यस्याम् (yasyām) - in which (in which, wherein)

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - flourish (exist, are, become, come into being)

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - all beings (beings, creatures, elements)

• तत् (tat) - this (referring to the condition) (that, it)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know, understand)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this (masculine))

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

• परः (paraḥ) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate, other)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - supreme natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature (dharma))

• यत् (yat) - that (that (conjunction), which)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

• दण्डनीतिमान् (daṇḍanītimān) - possesses and upholds the science of governance (possessing the science of governance, endowed with justice)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्याम् (yasyām) - in which (in which, wherein)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Refers to daṇḍanīti or the state of affairs created by it.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - flourish (exist, are, become, come into being)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present indicative active 3rd plural

Root: bhū (class 1)

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - all beings (beings, creatures, elements)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past (as noun); become, been (as participle)

Past Passive Participle

from root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of bhavanti.

तत् (tat) - this (referring to the condition) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Object of viddhi.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

imperative active 2nd singular

Root: vid (class 2)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of an ancient king, India
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: An epithet for Arjuna or Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahābhārata, used to address a distinguished descendant of Bharata.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the following statement about dharma.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

परः (paraḥ) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate, other)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant

Note: Agrees with dharmaḥ.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - supreme natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, intrinsic nature (dharma)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

यत् (yat) - that (that (conjunction), which)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Subject of the clause.

दण्डनीतिमान् (daṇḍanītimān) - possesses and upholds the science of governance (possessing the science of governance, endowed with justice)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍanītimat

daṇḍanītimat - possessing daṇḍanīti, administering justice, having a penal code

suffixed -mat to daṇḍanīti

Compound type : matup-adjective (daṇḍanīti+mat)

• daṇḍanīti – science of government, polity, administration of justice
  noun (feminine)
• mat – possessing, having, endowed with (suffix)
  suffix
  Possessive suffix

Note: Predicate adjective for rājā. Implies an implicit 'asti'.