महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-70, verse-7

दण्डनीत्या यदा राजा सम्यक्कार्त्स्न्येन वर्तते ।
तदा कृतयुगं नाम कालः श्रेष्ठः प्रवर्तते ॥७॥

7. daṇḍanītyā yadā rājā samyakkārtsnyena vartate ,
tadā kṛtayugaṁ nāma kālaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ pravartate.

7. daṇḍanītyā yadā rājā samyak kārtsnyena vartate
tadā kṛtayugam nāma kālaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ pravartate

7. yadā rājā daṇḍanītyā samyak kārtsnyena vartate,
tadā nāma kṛtayugam śreṣṭhaḥ kālaḥ pravartate.

7. When the king fully and properly conducts himself according to the science of governance (Daṇḍanīti), then the supreme era called Kṛtayuga (the golden age) manifests.

Words meanings summery:

• दण्डनीत्या (daṇḍanītyā) - by means of the science of governance, by justice

• यदा (yadā) - when

• राजा (rājā) - king

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely, thoroughly

• कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - by means of entirety, completely

• वर्तते (vartate) - he acts, he conducts himself, he exists

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• कृतयुगम् (kṛtayugam) - the Kṛtayuga, the golden age

• नाम (nāma) - called (by name, indeed, namely)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - era (time, age, era)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - supreme (best, most excellent, supreme)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - manifests (it proceeds, it prevails, it begins, it manifests)

Words meanings and morphology

दण्डनीत्या (daṇḍanītyā) - by means of the science of governance, by justice

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of daṇḍanīti

daṇḍanīti - science of governance, administration of justice, political science

Compound of daṇḍa (punishment, rod) and nīti (guidance, policy).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daṇḍa+nīti)

• daṇḍa – rod, staff, punishment, chastisement
  noun (masculine)
• nīti – guidance, conduct, policy, ethics
  noun (feminine)
  From root nī 'to lead'.
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Expresses the means by which the king acts.

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb to tadā.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Nominative singular of n-stem noun.

Root: rāj

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely, thoroughly

(indeclinable)

From prefix sam- and root añc 'to bend, go'.

Prefix: sam

Root: añc (class 1)

कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - by means of entirety, completely

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kārtsnya

kārtsnya - completeness, entirety, totality

Derived from kṛtsna (whole, complete) with suffix -ya.

Note: Adverbial, emphasizing the completeness of the king's action.

वर्तते (vartate) - he acts, he conducts himself, he exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle Indicative

3rd person singular, middle voice.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb to yadā.

कृतयुगम् (kṛtayugam) - the Kṛtayuga, the golden age

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtayuga

kṛtayuga - the first and best of the four ages (yugas), the golden age

Compound of kṛta (done, made, perfect) and yuga (age).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kṛta+yuga)

• kṛta – done, made, perfect, good
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root kṛ 'to do, make'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• yuga – age, era, epoch
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yuj

Note: Predicate nominative for kālaḥ.

नाम (nāma) - called (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable form used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial.

कालः (kālaḥ) - era (time, age, era)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, age, era

Nominative singular.

Root: kal

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - supreme (best, most excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative of praśasya (excellent).

Superlative adjective.

Root: praśas

Note: Agrees with kālaḥ.

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - manifests (it proceeds, it prevails, it begins, it manifests)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pravṛt

Present Middle Indicative

3rd person singular, middle voice. From prefix pra- and root vṛt 'to turn'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)