महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-64, verse-10

अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि धर्ममर्थविनिश्चयम् ।
निर्मर्यादे वर्तमाने दानवैकायने कृते ।
बभूव राजा राजेन्द्र मान्धाता नाम वीर्यवान् ॥१०॥

10. atra te vartayiṣyāmi dharmamarthaviniścayam ,
nirmaryāde vartamāne dānavaikāyane kṛte ,
babhūva rājā rājendra māndhātā nāma vīryavān.

10. atra te vartayiṣyāmi dharmam
arthaviniścayam nirmaryāde vartamāne
dānava ekāyane kṛte babhūva rājā
rājendra māndhātā nāma vīryavān

10. rājendra atra te dharmam arthaviniścayam vartayiṣyāmi.
nirmaryāde vartamāne dānava ekāyane kṛte rājā māndhātā nāma vīryavān babhūva

10. O best of kings, here I will explain to you the constitution (dharma) which clearly determines purpose. When lawlessness prevailed and the Dānavas had become the sole path, there was a valiant king named Mandhata.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - in this context, now (here, in this place, in this matter)

• ते (te) - to you (singular) (to you, by you, for you)

• वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I will relate, I will explain, I will make known

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the constitution (dharma) or fundamental principles (constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness)

• अर्थविनिश्चयम् (arthaviniścayam) - a clear determination of purpose or objectives (clear determination of purpose/meaning/wealth)

• निर्मर्यादे (nirmaryāde) - in a state of lawlessness or anarchy (when order was absent, in lawlessness, without boundaries)

• वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - when it was prevailing (existing, prevailing, being)

• दानव (dānava) - the Danava demons (referring to them collectively or as a class) (a Danava, a demon)

• एकायने (ekāyane) - when it (the path) was exclusively that of the Dānavas (demons) (in the sole path, in the single course, sole refuge)

• कृते (kṛte) - when it was made (the sole path of Danavas) (having been made, done, performed)

• बभूव (babhūva) - there was, he became, came into being

• राजा (rājā) - king

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O best of kings

• मान्धाता (māndhātā) - Mandhata (a legendary king)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, strong

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - in this context, now (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you (singular) (to you, by you, for you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I will relate, I will explain, I will make known

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vṛt

Future

1st person singular Future active (causative stem vartaya-)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the constitution (dharma) or fundamental principles (constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution

Derived from root dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of vartayiṣyāmi.

अर्थविनिश्चयम् (arthaviniścayam) - a clear determination of purpose or objectives (clear determination of purpose/meaning/wealth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arthaviniścaya

arthaviniścaya - ascertai_nment of meaning, determination of purpose

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+viniścaya)

• artha – aim, purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• viniścaya – determination, ascertainment, decision
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ci with prefix vi- and ni-
  Prefixes: vi+ni
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Object of vartayiṣyāmi, or in apposition to dharmam.

निर्मर्यादे (nirmaryāde) - in a state of lawlessness or anarchy (when order was absent, in lawlessness, without boundaries)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nirmaryāda

nirmaryāda - without bounds, lawless, disorderly

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (nis+maryādā)

• nis – out, without
  indeclinable
• maryādā – boundary, limit, order, law
  noun (feminine)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with vartamāne and kṛte.

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - when it was prevailing (existing, prevailing, being)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, present, current

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: In locative absolute construction.

दानव (dānava) - the Danava demons (referring to them collectively or as a class) (a Danava, a demon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dānava

dānava - a demon, son of Danu

Note: Acts as the subject for the 'sole path' in the locative absolute.

एकायने (ekāyane) - when it (the path) was exclusively that of the Dānavas (demons) (in the sole path, in the single course, sole refuge)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ekāyana

ekāyana - sole path, single course, unique refuge

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+ayana)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• ayana – going, path, course, refuge
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root i
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: In locative absolute construction.

कृते (kṛte) - when it was made (the sole path of Danavas) (having been made, done, performed)

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: In locative absolute construction.

बभूव (babhūva) - there was, he became, came into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect

3rd person singular Perfect active

Root: bhū (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of babhūva.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O best of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, emperor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• indra – chief, lord, god Indra
  noun (masculine)
  Root: id

Note: Address to the listener.

मान्धाता (māndhātā) - Mandhata (a legendary king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māndhātṛ

māndhātṛ - Mandhata (name of a famous ancient king)

Note: Proper name of the king.

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Used as an adverb here

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, heroic

Possessive suffix -vat

Note: Qualifies rājā Māndhātā.