महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-53, verse-25

ततोऽवतीर्य गोविन्दो रथात्स च युधिष्ठिरः ।
भीमो गाण्डीवधन्वा च यमौ सात्यकिरेव च ।
ऋषीनभ्यर्चयामासुः करानुद्यम्य दक्षिणान् ॥२५॥

25. tato'vatīrya govindo rathātsa ca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
bhīmo gāṇḍīvadhanvā ca yamau sātyakireva ca ,
ṛṣīnabhyarcayāmāsuḥ karānudyamya dakṣiṇān.

25. tataḥ avatīrya govindaḥ rathāt saḥ
ca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ bhīmaḥ gāṇḍīvadhanvā
ca yamau sātyakiḥ eva ca ṛṣīn
abhyarcayāmāsuḥ karān udyamya dakṣiṇān

25. tataḥ govindaḥ ca saḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
rathāt avatīrya bhīmaḥ gāṇḍīvadhanvā
ca yamau ca sātyakiḥ eva ca dakṣiṇān
karān udyamya ṛṣīn abhyarcayāmāsuḥ

25. Then, having dismounted from the chariot, Govinda (Krishna) and Yudhishthira, along with Bhima, Arjuna (the Gandiva-bow-wielder), the twin brothers (Nakula and Sahadeva), and Satyaki, indeed honored the sages by raising their right hands (in salutation).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - From the chariot. (having dismounted, having descended)

• गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Krishna, who was Arjuna's charioteer. (Govinda (an epithet of Krishna))

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Yudhishthira. (he)

• च (ca) - and

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pandava brothers. (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - The second of the Pandava brothers, known for his strength. (Bhima (proper name))

• गाण्डीवधन्वा (gāṇḍīvadhanvā) - Arjuna, the famous archer. (one who has the Gandiva bow (Arjuna))

• च (ca) - and

• यमौ (yamau) - Nakula and Sahadeva, the youngest Pandava brothers. (the two twins)

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - A Yadava warrior and ally of the Pandavas. (Satyaki (proper name))

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word or phrase. (indeed, certainly, only)

• च (ca) - and

• ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - The Brahmin sages mentioned in the previous verse, sitting with Bhishma. (the sages (accusative plural))

• अभ्यर्चयामासुः (abhyarcayāmāsuḥ) - They showed reverence and respect. (they honored, worshipped)

• करान् (karān) - Their own hands. (hands)

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - Raising their hands in a gesture of respect/salutation. (having raised, having lifted up)

• दक्षिणान् (dakṣiṇān) - Refers specifically to the right hands, which are used for auspicious actions. (right (hands))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) with the 'tasil' suffix

अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - From the chariot. (having dismounted, having descended)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'tṛ' (to cross) with prefix 'ava' and suffix 'lyap'

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Krishna, who was Arjuna's charioteer. (Govinda (an epithet of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of govinda

govinda - Govinda (protector of cows, epithet of Krishna)

Note: One of the subjects of 'abhyarcayāmāsuḥ'.

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ramh (class 1)

Note: Indicates separation, object of 'avatīrya'.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Yudhishthira. (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

masculine nominative singular

Note: Stands for Yudhishthira.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects words or phrases.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pandava brothers. (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (firm in battle, proper name of the eldest Pandava)

Compound meaning 'firm in battle'

Compound type : aluk-saptamī tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Base form of the locative 'yudhi'
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects.

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - The second of the Pandava brothers, known for his strength. (Bhima (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (terrible, formidable, name of a Pandava)

Derived from root 'bhī' (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: One of the subjects.

गाण्डीवधन्वा (gāṇḍīvadhanvā) - Arjuna, the famous archer. (one who has the Gandiva bow (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - having the bow Gandiva, one whose bow is Gandiva

Bahuvrihi compound 'Gandiva' (name of a bow) + 'dhanvan' (bow, archer)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanvan)

• gāṇḍīva – Gandiva (name of Arjuna's bow)
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhan (class 1)

Note: Refers to Arjuna, one of the subjects.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

यमौ (yamau) - Nakula and Sahadeva, the youngest Pandava brothers. (the two twins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yama

yama - twin, pair

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects.

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - A Yadava warrior and ally of the Pandavas. (Satyaki (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Satyaki (a Yadava hero, Krishna's charioteer after the war)

Note: One of the subjects.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word or phrase. (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects words or phrases.

ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - The Brahmin sages mentioned in the previous verse, sitting with Bhishma. (the sages (accusative plural))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'abhyarcayāmāsuḥ'.

अभ्यर्चयामासुः (abhyarcayāmāsuḥ) - They showed reverence and respect. (they honored, worshipped)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, periphrastic perfect (liṭ) of abhyarcayāmāsuḥ

Periphrastic perfect tense (caṅ) 3rd plural active of root 'arc' (to honor) with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: arc (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

करान् (karān) - Their own hands. (hands)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kara

kara - hand, ray, tax

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'udyamya'.

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - Raising their hands in a gesture of respect/salutation. (having raised, having lifted up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'yam' (to hold, restrain) with prefix 'ud' (up) and suffix 'lyap'

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Describes the manner of honoring.

दक्षिणान् (dakṣiṇān) - Refers specifically to the right hands, which are used for auspicious actions. (right (hands))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - right, southern, skillful

Root: dakṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'karān'.