महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-53, verse-20

रथस्थाः संविदं कृत्वा सुखां पृष्ट्वा च शर्वरीम् ।
मेघघोषै रथवरैः प्रययुस्ते महारथाः ॥२०॥

20. rathasthāḥ saṁvidaṁ kṛtvā sukhāṁ pṛṣṭvā ca śarvarīm ,
meghaghoṣai rathavaraiḥ prayayuste mahārathāḥ.

20. rathasthāḥ saṃvidam kṛtvā sukhām pṛṣṭvā ca śarvarīm
meghaghoṣaiḥ rathavaraiḥ prayayuḥ te mahārathāḥ

20. rathasthāḥ te mahārathāḥ saṃvidam kṛtvā ca sukhām
śarvarīm pṛṣṭvā meghaghoṣaiḥ rathavaraiḥ prayayuḥ

20. Seated in their chariots, and having conversed and inquired about each other's comfortable night, those great warriors departed with their splendid chariots rumbling like thunderclouds.

Words meanings summery:

• रथस्थाः (rathasthāḥ) - those seated in their chariots (those standing/seated in chariots)

• संविदम् (saṁvidam) - conversation / agreement (conversation, agreement, understanding, knowledge)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having done, having made)

• सुखाम् (sukhām) - pleasant (pleasant, comfortable, happy)

• पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having inquired about (having asked, having questioned)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शर्वरीम् (śarvarīm) - night

• मेघघोषैः (meghaghoṣaiḥ) - with rumbling like thunderclouds (with sounds of clouds, with thundering sounds)

• रथवरैः (rathavaraiḥ) - with their splendid chariots (with excellent chariots)

• प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they departed (they departed, they went forth)

• ते (te) - those (they, those)

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors (great warriors, great charioteers)

Words meanings and morphology

रथस्थाः (rathasthāḥ) - those seated in their chariots (those standing/seated in chariots)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathastha

rathastha - standing/seated in a chariot

Compound of `ratha` (chariot) and `stha` (standing/located).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, being in
  participle
  agent noun/derivative from root
  Derived from root `sthā` ('to stand').
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to `mahārathāḥ`.

संविदम् (saṁvidam) - conversation / agreement (conversation, agreement, understanding, knowledge)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃvid

saṁvid - agreement, understanding, knowledge, conversation, council

Derived from root `vid` with prefix `sam-`.

Prefix: sam

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of `kṛtvā`.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having done, having made)

(absolutive)

Note: Indicates prior action.

सुखाम् (sukhām) - pleasant (pleasant, comfortable, happy)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sukha

sukha - pleasant, comfortable, easy, happy

पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having inquired about (having asked, having questioned)

(absolutive)

Note: Indicates prior action.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

शर्वरीम् (śarvarīm) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śarvarī

śarvarī - night, darkness

Note: Object of `pṛṣṭvā`.

मेघघोषैः (meghaghoṣaiḥ) - with rumbling like thunderclouds (with sounds of clouds, with thundering sounds)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of meghaghoṣa

meghaghoṣa - sound of clouds, thunderous sound

Compound of `megha` (cloud) and `ghoṣa` (sound).

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (megha+ghoṣa)

• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `mih` ('to sprinkle').
  Root: mih (class 1)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, rumbling, proclamation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `ghuṣ` ('to sound').
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `rathavaraiḥ`.

रथवरैः (rathavaraiḥ) - with their splendid chariots (with excellent chariots)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathavara

rathavara - excellent chariot, best chariot

Compound of `ratha` (chariot) and `vara` (excellent/best).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ratha+vara)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• vara – excellent, best, choice, boon
  adjective
  Derived from root `vṛ` ('to choose').
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Instrument of action for `prayayuḥ`.

प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they departed (they departed, they went forth)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pra-yā

Perfect Tense

Derived from root `yā` (Class 2) with prefix `pra-`.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

ते (te) - those (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to `mahārathāḥ`.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors (great warriors, great charioteers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great charioteer, one who can fight 10,000 warriors

Compound of `mahā` (great) and `ratha` (chariot/warrior on chariot).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, charioteer, warrior
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `prayayuḥ`.