महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-53, verse-23

ते ग्रसन्त इवाकाशं वेगवन्तो महाबलाः ।
क्षेत्रं धर्मस्य कृत्स्नस्य कुरुक्षेत्रमवातरन् ॥२३॥

23. te grasanta ivākāśaṁ vegavanto mahābalāḥ ,
kṣetraṁ dharmasya kṛtsnasya kurukṣetramavātaran.

23. te grasantaḥ iva ākāśam vegavantaḥ mahābalāḥ
kṣetram dharmasya kṛtsnasya kurukṣetram avātaran

23. te vegavantaḥ mahābalāḥ ākāśam iva grasantaḥ
kṛtsnasya dharmasya kṣetram kurukṣetram avātaran

23. As if devouring the sky, they, swift and immensely powerful, descended upon Kurukshetra, the field of the entire natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - The Pandavas and their allies (they, those)

• ग्रसन्तः (grasantaḥ) - (as if) engulfing or overpowering (devouring, swallowing)

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky, space

• वेगवन्तः (vegavantaḥ) - swift, fast, powerful

• महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - greatly powerful, immensely strong

• क्षेत्रम् (kṣetram) - field, territory, ground

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - Pertaining to the universal cosmic order and duty. (of (natural) law, of righteousness, of duty)

• कृत्स्नस्य (kṛtsnasya) - of the entire, of the whole, of the complete

• कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - The battlefield of the Mahabharata war, often referred to as the 'Field of Dharma'. (Kurukshetra (name of a specific field))

• अवातरन् (avātaran) - they descended, they entered

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - The Pandavas and their allies (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ग्रसन्तः (grasantaḥ) - (as if) engulfing or overpowering (devouring, swallowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of grasat

grasat - devouring, swallowing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'gras' (to swallow, devour) + śatṛ pratyaya

Root: gras (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing 'te'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky, space

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether

वेगवन्तः (vegavantaḥ) - swift, fast, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vegavat

vegavat - swift, quick, strong, powerful

Possessive adjective derived from 'vega' + 'matup' suffix

Note: Adjective for 'te'.

महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - greatly powerful, immensely strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, very powerful

Compound word

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, extensive
  indeclinable
  Intensifying prefix/adjective
• bala – strength, power, might, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective for 'te'.

क्षेत्रम् (kṣetram) - field, territory, ground

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣetra

kṣetra - field, land, area, domain

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Object of 'avātaran'.

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - Pertaining to the universal cosmic order and duty. (of (natural) law, of righteousness, of duty)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - (natural) law, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature

Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kṣetram'.

कृत्स्नस्य (kṛtsnasya) - of the entire, of the whole, of the complete

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - all, whole, entire, complete

Note: Agrees with 'dharmasya'.

कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - The battlefield of the Mahabharata war, often referred to as the 'Field of Dharma'. (Kurukshetra (name of a specific field))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra

kurukṣetra - Kurukshetra (proper noun, name of a field)

Compound meaning 'field of the Kurus'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+kṣetra)

• kuru – Kuru (a Vedic tribe/dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣetra – field, land
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Object of 'avātaran', in apposition to 'kṣetram'.

अवातरन् (avātaran) - they descended, they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avatṛ

root 'tṛ' (to cross, pass over) with prefix 'ava'

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'te'.