महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-53, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततः प्रविश्य भवनं प्रसुप्तो मधुसूदनः ।
याममात्रावशेषायां यामिन्यां प्रत्यबुध्यत ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataḥ praviśya bhavanaṁ prasupto madhusūdanaḥ ,
yāmamātrāvaśeṣāyāṁ yāminyāṁ pratyabudhyata.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ praviśya bhavanam prasuptaḥ
madhusūdanaḥ yāmamātrāvaśeṣāyām yāminyām pratyabudhyata

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ bhavanam praviśya prasuptaḥ
madhusūdanaḥ yāmamātrāvaśeṣāyām yāminyām pratyabudhyata

1. Vaiśampāyana said: "Then, Madhusūdana (Madhusūdana), having entered the palace and fallen asleep, awoke when only a quarter of the night remained."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

• भवनम् (bhavanam) - palace (palace, house, dwelling)

• प्रसुप्तः (prasuptaḥ) - having fallen asleep (asleep, having slept)

• मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - Madhusūdana (Madhusūdana) (Madhusūdana (killer of the demon Madhu), an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

• याममात्रावशेषायाम् (yāmamātrāvaśeṣāyām) - when only a quarter (of the night) remained

• यामिन्याम् (yāminyām) - in the night

• प्रत्यबुध्यत (pratyabudhyata) - awoke (he awoke, became conscious)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root viś 'to enter' with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

भवनम् (bhavanam) - palace (palace, house, dwelling)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhavana

bhavana - house, dwelling, mansion

From root bhū 'to be'

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of praviśya.

प्रसुप्तः (prasuptaḥ) - having fallen asleep (asleep, having slept)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasupta

prasupta - asleep, sleeping, having slept

Past Passive Participle

From root svap 'to sleep' with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Refers to madhusūdanaḥ.

मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - Madhusūdana (Madhusūdana) (Madhusūdana (killer of the demon Madhu), an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - killer of Madhu (demon), an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna

Compound of Madhu (demon's name) and sūdana (killer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, name of a demon
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – killer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From root sūd 'to kill, destroy'
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: Subject of pratyabudhyata.

याममात्रावशेषायाम् (yāmamātrāvaśeṣāyām) - when only a quarter (of the night) remained

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of yāmamātrāvaśeṣa

yāmamātrāvaśeṣa - having only a yāma (quarter) remaining

Bahuvrihi compound: yāmamātra (only a quarter) + avaśeṣa (remaining)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yāmamātra+avaśeṣa)

• yāmamātra – only a yāma, a single watch (of three hours)
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of yāma (watch/quarter of the night) and mātra (only)
• avaśeṣa – remaining, residue
  adjective (masculine)
  From root śiṣ 'to leave' with prefix ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Modifies yāminyām.

यामिन्याम् (yāminyām) - in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yāminī

yāminī - night

Note: Time when Krishna awoke.

प्रत्यबुध्यत (pratyabudhyata) - awoke (he awoke, became conscious)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratibudh

From root budh 'to wake, know' with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 4)