महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-301, verse-27

दिवास्वप्ने विवादे च प्रमादेषु च वै रतिः ।
नृत्यवादित्रगीतानामज्ञानाच्छ्रद्दधानता ।
द्वेषो धर्मविशेषाणामेते वै तामसा गुणाः ॥२७॥

27. divāsvapne vivāde ca pramādeṣu ca vai ratiḥ ,
nṛtyavāditragītānāmajñānācchraddadhānatā ,
dveṣo dharmaviśeṣāṇāmete vai tāmasā guṇāḥ.

27. divāsvapne vivāde ca pramādeṣu ca
vai ratiḥ nṛtyavāditragītānām
ajñānāt śraddadhānatā dveṣaḥ
dharmaviśeṣāṇām ete vai tāmasā guṇāḥ

27. divāsvapne vivāde ca pramādeṣu ca vai ratiḥ,
nṛtyavāditragītānām ajñānāt śraddadhānatā,
dharmaviśeṣāṇām dveṣaḥ,
ete vai tāmasā guṇāḥ (bhavanti)

27. Fondness for sleeping during the day, for disputes, and for negligence; a gullibility stemming from ignorance (ajñāna) regarding dance, music, and song; and an aversion to particular (natural) laws (dharma) – these, indeed, are the qualities of tamas.

Words meanings summery:

• दिवास्वप्ने (divāsvapne) - in sleeping by day, in daydreaming

• विवादे (vivāde) - in disputes, in quarrels

• च (ca) - and

• प्रमादेषु (pramādeṣu) - in errors, in negligence, in carelessness

• च (ca) - and

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• रतिः (ratiḥ) - a fondness (for the preceding activities) (attachment, delight, fondness, pleasure)

• नृत्यवादित्रगीतानाम् (nṛtyavāditragītānām) - of dances, musical instruments, and songs

• अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, due to not knowing

• श्रद्दधानता (śraddadhānatā) - gullibility (faith, credulity, belief, trusting nature)

• द्वेषः (dveṣaḥ) - hatred, aversion, dislike

• धर्मविशेषाणाम् (dharmaviśeṣāṇām) - of specific (natural) laws, of particular religious duties

• एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• तामसाः (tāmasāḥ) - tamasic, pertaining to tamas

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - the qualities (guṇa) of Prakṛti (qualities, characteristics)

Words meanings and morphology

दिवास्वप्ने (divāsvapne) - in sleeping by day, in daydreaming

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divāsvapna

divāsvapna - sleeping by day, daydreaming

Compound of divā (by day) and svapna (sleep, dream)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (divā+svapna)

• divā – by day, during the day
  indeclinable
• svapna – sleep, dream
  noun (masculine)
  From √svap (to sleep)
  Root: √svap (class 2)

विवादे (vivāde) - in disputes, in quarrels

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vivāda

vivāda - dispute, quarrel, controversy

From vi- (apart) + √vad (to speak)

Prefix: vi

Root: √vad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्रमादेषु (pramādeṣu) - in errors, in negligence, in carelessness

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pramāda

pramāda - error, mistake, negligence, carelessness, intoxication

From pra- (forth) + √mad (to be intoxicated, negligent)

Prefix: pra

Root: √mad (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

रतिः (ratiḥ) - a fondness (for the preceding activities) (attachment, delight, fondness, pleasure)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rati

rati - attachment, delight, pleasure, love, passion

From √ram (to delight, rest) + -ti suffix

Root: √ram (class 1)

नृत्यवादित्रगीतानाम् (nṛtyavāditragītānām) - of dances, musical instruments, and songs

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of nṛtyavāditragīta

nṛtyavāditragīta - dance, musical instrument, and song (collectively)

Dvandva compound of nṛtya, vāditra, and gīta

Compound type : Dvandva (nṛtya+vāditra+gīta)

• nṛtya – dance, dancing
  noun (neuter)
  From √nṛt (to dance) + -ya suffix
  Root: √nṛt (class 4)
• vāditra – musical instrument, music
  noun (neuter)
  From √vad (to speak, play an instrument) + -itra suffix
  Root: √vad (class 1)
• gīta – song, singing
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √gai (to sing) + -ta suffix
  Root: √gai (class 1)

अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, due to not knowing

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, want of knowledge (ajñāna)

From a- (negation) + jñāna (knowledge)

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From √jñā (to know) + -ana suffix
  Root: √jñā (class 9)

श्रद्दधानता (śraddadhānatā) - gullibility (faith, credulity, belief, trusting nature)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śraddadhānatā

śraddadhānatā - faith, belief, credulity, trusting nature

From śraddadhāna (having faith) + -tā (suffix for abstract noun). Śraddadhāna is present active participle of √dhā with śrad.

Note: Represents the state of having śraddhā (faith/credulity).

द्वेषः (dveṣaḥ) - hatred, aversion, dislike

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dveṣa

dveṣa - hatred, aversion, dislike, enmity

From √dviṣ (to hate) + -a suffix

Root: √dviṣ (class 2)

धर्मविशेषाणाम् (dharmaviśeṣāṇām) - of specific (natural) laws, of particular religious duties

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmaviśeṣa

dharmaviśeṣa - particular (natural) law, specific duty, distinct religious rite

Tatpuruṣa compound of dharma (natural law/duty) and viśeṣa (distinction, specific)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dharma+viśeṣa)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhṛ (to support, uphold) + -man suffix
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)
• viśeṣa – distinction, specific, particular, special quality
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- (apart) + √śiṣ (to distinguish) + -a suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √śiṣ (class 7)

एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Referring to the list of qualities.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

तामसाः (tāmasāḥ) - tamasic, pertaining to tamas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāmasa

tāmasa - relating to tamas, dark, ignorant, dull, pertaining to the quality of darkness

From tamas (darkness, inertia) + -a suffix (denoting 'related to')

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - the qualities (guṇa) of Prakṛti (qualities, characteristics)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, characteristic, virtue, strand, constituent of prakṛti