महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-301, verse-15

प्रकृतिर्गुणान्विकुरुते स्वच्छन्देनात्मकाम्यया ।
क्रीडार्थं तु महाराज शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः ॥१५॥

15. prakṛtirguṇānvikurute svacchandenātmakāmyayā ,
krīḍārthaṁ tu mahārāja śataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ.

15. prakṛtiḥ guṇān vikurute svacchandena ātmakāmyayā
krīḍārtham tu mahārāja śataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ

15. mahārāja tu prakṛtiḥ svacchandena ātmakāmyayā
krīḍārtham guṇān śataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ vikurute

15. But, O great king, nature (prakṛti) transforms the constituents (guṇas) by its own free will and desire, for the purpose of play, by hundreds and by thousands.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - nature, primal matter

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, constituents, strands

• विकुरुते (vikurute) - transforms, creates, develops

• स्वच्छन्देन (svacchandena) - by its own will, freely, voluntarily

• आत्मकाम्यया (ātmakāmyayā) - by its own desire, out of self-desire

• क्रीडार्थम् (krīḍārtham) - for the purpose of play, for sport

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king, emperor

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

• अथ (atha) - and, moreover, then

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

Words meanings and morphology

प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - nature, primal matter

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, primal matter, origin, cause

Derived from prefix 'pra' and root 'kṛ' (to make, do)

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, constituents, strands

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent (of prakṛti), virtue, strand

विकुरुते (vikurute) - transforms, creates, develops

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vikur

Root √kṛ with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स्वच्छन्देन (svacchandena) - by its own will, freely, voluntarily

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svacchanda

svacchanda - one's own will, freedom, independence

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'chanda' (will, desire)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sva+chanda)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• chanda – will, desire, pleasure
  noun (masculine)

आत्मकाम्यया (ātmakāmyayā) - by its own desire, out of self-desire

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ātmakāmya

ātmakāmya - self-desire, self-love

Compound of 'ātman' (self) and 'kāmya' (desire)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+kāmya)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• kāmya – desirable, longed for, desire
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root √kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

क्रीडार्थम् (krīḍārtham) - for the purpose of play, for sport

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'krīḍā' (play, sport) and 'artha' (purpose, sake)

Compound type : tatpurusha (krīḍā+artha)

• krīḍā – play, sport, amusement
  noun (feminine)
  Root: krīḍ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king, emperor

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, sovereign, emperor

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'rājan' (king)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'śata' (hundred) with suffix '-śas'

अथ (atha) - and, moreover, then

(indeclinable)

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sahasra' (thousand) with suffix '-śas'