महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-301, verse-25

मरणं चान्धतामिस्रं तामिस्रं क्रोध उच्यते ।
तमसो लक्षणानीह भक्षाणामभिरोचनम् ॥२५॥

25. maraṇaṁ cāndhatāmisraṁ tāmisraṁ krodha ucyate ,
tamaso lakṣaṇānīha bhakṣāṇāmabhirocanam.

25. maraṇam ca andhatāmisram tāmisram krodhaḥ ucyate
tamasaḥ lakṣaṇāni iha bhakṣāṇām abhirocanam

25. maraṇam ca andhatāmisram krodhaḥ tāmisram ucyate
iha tamasaḥ lakṣaṇāni bhakṣāṇām abhirocanam

25. Death is called "blind darkness" (andhatāmisra), and anger is called "darkness" (tāmisra). Here, the characteristics of inertia (tamas) also include a strong liking for certain foods.

Words meanings summery:

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्धतामिस्रम् (andhatāmisram) - "blind darkness" (andhatāmisra), here equating to death. (blind darkness)

• तामिस्रम् (tāmisram) - state of darkness (tāmisra), here equated to anger. (darkness, delusion)

• क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath, fury

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said, is designated

• तमसः (tamasaḥ) - of inertia (tamas) (of tamas, of darkness/inertia)

• लक्षणानि (lakṣaṇāni) - characteristics, signs, symptoms

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

• भक्षाणाम् (bhakṣāṇām) - of foods, of things to be eaten

• अभिरोचनम् (abhirocanam) - strong liking, relish, desire

Words meanings and morphology

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying, act of dying

from √mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Acts as a subject here.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

conjunction

अन्धतामिस्रम् (andhatāmisram) - "blind darkness" (andhatāmisra), here equating to death. (blind darkness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of andhatāmisra

andhatāmisra - blind darkness, deep obscurity, one of the hells

compound of andha (blind) and tāmisra (darkness)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (andha+tāmisra)

• andha – blind, dark, ignorant
  adjective (masculine)
  from √andh (to be blind)
  Root: andh (class 1)
• tāmisra – darkness, delusion, great darkness, one of the twenty-eight hells (in some traditions)
  noun (neuter)
  from tamas (darkness)
  Root: tam (class 4)

Note: Acts as a predicate nominative.

तामिस्रम् (tāmisram) - state of darkness (tāmisra), here equated to anger. (darkness, delusion)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tāmisra

tāmisra - darkness, delusion, great darkness, one of the twenty-eight hells (in some traditions)

from tamas (darkness)

Root: tam (class 4)

Note: Acts as a predicate nominative.

क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath, fury

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury, indignation

from √krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Acts as a subject here.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said, is designated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

passive voice of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तमसः (tamasaḥ) - of inertia (tamas) (of tamas, of darkness/inertia)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, ignorance, inertia, one of the three guṇas

from √tam (to be bewildered, be dark)

Root: tam (class 4)

Note: Possessive, "of tamas".

लक्षणानि (lakṣaṇāni) - characteristics, signs, symptoms

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of lakṣaṇa

lakṣaṇa - mark, sign, characteristic, symptom, definition

from √lakṣ (to observe, mark)

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'are'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

(indeclinable)

adverb

Note: Emphasizes "here" in the context of tamas.

भक्षाणाम् (bhakṣāṇām) - of foods, of things to be eaten

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhakṣa

bhakṣa - food, eatable, thing to be eaten

from √bhakṣ (to eat, devour)

Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

Note: Possessive, "of foods".

अभिरोचनम् (abhirocanam) - strong liking, relish, desire

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhirocana

abhirocana - strong desire, relish, liking, charm, grace

from abhi-√ruc (to like, please)

Prefix: abhi

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate nominative with lakṣaṇāni.