महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-180, verse-5

भृगुरुवाच ।
समिधामुपयोगान्ते सन्नेवाग्निर्न दृश्यते ।
आकाशानुगतत्वाद्धि दुर्ग्रहः स निराश्रयः ॥५॥

5. bhṛguruvāca ,
samidhāmupayogānte sannevāgnirna dṛśyate ,
ākāśānugatatvāddhi durgrahaḥ sa nirāśrayaḥ.

5. bhṛguḥ uvāca | samidhām upayogānte san eva agniḥ na
dṛśyate | ākāśānugatvāt hi durgrahaḥ saḥ nirāśrayaḥ

5. bhṛguḥ uvāca samidhām upayogānte agniḥ san eva na
dṛśyate hi ākāśānugatvāt saḥ nirāśrayaḥ durgrahaḥ

5. Bhṛgu said: At the end of the fuel's consumption, the fire, though it exists, is not seen. Indeed, because it has become assimilated into space (ākāśa), that unsupported (fire) is difficult to comprehend.

Words meanings summery:

• भृगुः (bhṛguḥ) - Bhṛgu (Bhṛgu (a proper name, ancient sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• समिधाम् (samidhām) - of the fuel (sticks) (of fuel sticks, of fuel)

• उपयोगान्ते (upayogānte) - at the end of consumption (at the end of consumption, at the end of use)

• सन् (san) - existing (though not visible) (being, existing)

• एव (eva) - certainly, indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen (is seen, appears, is perceived)

• आकाशानुगत्वात् (ākāśānugatvāt) - because it has become assimilated into space (ākāśa) (because of being assimilated into space, due to following space)

• हि (hi) - indeed, because (indeed, because, for)

• दुर्ग्रहः (durgrahaḥ) - difficult to comprehend (difficult to grasp, hard to seize, incomprehensible)

• सः (saḥ) - that (fire) (he, that)

• निराश्रयः (nirāśrayaḥ) - unsupported, without basis (unsupported, without support, helpless)

Words meanings and morphology

भृगुः (bhṛguḥ) - Bhṛgu (Bhṛgu (a proper name, ancient sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛgu

bhṛgu - Bhṛgu (name of a celebrated ancient sage, progenitor of a priestly family)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Root vac, 2nd class, P. (parasmaipada). Perfect stem is uvāc-.

Root: vac (class 2)

समिधाम् (samidhām) - of the fuel (sticks) (of fuel sticks, of fuel)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of samidh

samidh - fuel, firewood, a sacrificial stick

Note: Refers to the fuel for the fire.

उपयोगान्ते (upayogānte) - at the end of consumption (at the end of consumption, at the end of use)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of upayogānta

upayogānta - end of use, end of application, end of consumption

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (upayoga+anta)

• upayoga – use, application, employment, consumption
  noun (masculine)
  From upa-yuj (to use, employ)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates time/circumstance.

सन् (san) - existing (though not visible) (being, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, real, true

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be), P. (parasmaipada)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'agniḥ'.

एव (eva) - certainly, indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire

Note: Subject of 'na dṛśyate'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen (is seen, appears, is perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Tense

Root dṛś, 1st class, A. (ātmanepada) passive voice.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Passive form; subject is 'agniḥ'.

आकाशानुगत्वात् (ākāśānugatvāt) - because it has become assimilated into space (ākāśa) (because of being assimilated into space, due to following space)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ākāśānugatva

ākāśānugatva - the state of being conformed to space, assimilation into space

Compound noun with tva suffix.

Compound type : taddhita compound (ākāśa+anugata+tva)

• ākāśa – ether, space, sky (one of the five elements)
  noun (masculine)
• anugata – followed, gone after, conformed to, assimilated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix anu.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)
• tva – state of being, -ness (abstract noun suffix)
  indeclinable
  Taddhita suffix forming abstract nouns.

Note: Indicates cause or reason.

हि (hi) - indeed, because (indeed, because, for)

(indeclinable)

दुर्ग्रहः (durgrahaḥ) - difficult to comprehend (difficult to grasp, hard to seize, incomprehensible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durgraha

durgraha - difficult to grasp or seize, hard to comprehend

Compound with prefix dur- (difficult).

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (dur+graha)

• dur – difficult, bad, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• graha – grasping, seizing, taking, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  From root grah (to seize, grasp).
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that (fire) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the 'agniḥ'.

निराश्रयः (nirāśrayaḥ) - unsupported, without basis (unsupported, without support, helpless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirāśraya

nirāśraya - without support or refuge, helpless, independent

Negative compound with prefix nir-.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or nañ-tatpuruṣa (nis+āśraya)

• nis – out, forth, without, free from
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or absence.
• āśraya – support, refuge, dwelling, basis
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-śri (to lean upon, resort to).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'.