महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-180, verse-15

शृणोति कथितं जीवः कर्णाभ्यां न शृणोति तत् ।
महर्षे मनसि व्यग्रे तस्माज्जीवो निरर्थकः ॥१५॥

15. śṛṇoti kathitaṁ jīvaḥ karṇābhyāṁ na śṛṇoti tat ,
maharṣe manasi vyagre tasmājjīvo nirarthakaḥ.

15. śṛṇoti kathitam jīvaḥ karṇābhyām na śṛṇoti tat
maharṣe manasi vyagre tasmāt jīvaḥ nirarthakaḥ

15. jīvaḥ kathitam śṛṇoti,
tat karṇābhyām na śṛṇoti.
maharṣe,
manasi vyagre,
tasmāt jīvaḥ nirarthakaḥ

15. The individual soul (jīva) hears what is spoken, yet it does not hear that with its ears. O great sage, when the mind is agitated, therefore the individual soul (jīva) is without purpose.

Words meanings summery:

• शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears

• कथितम् (kathitam) - spoken, said

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul, life principle

• कर्णाभ्याम् (karṇābhyām) - with two ears

• न (na) - not, no

• शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage!

• मनसि (manasi) - in the mind

• व्यग्रे (vyagre) - agitated, disturbed, bewildered

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul, life principle

• निरर्थकः (nirarthakaḥ) - meaningless, useless, purposeless

Words meanings and morphology

शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

कथितम् (kathitam) - spoken, said

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - spoken, said, narrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root kath (to tell, to speak) in its 10th class, then formed as a past passive participle.

Root: kath (class 10)

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul, life principle

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - life, principle of life, living being, individual soul

कर्णाभ्याम् (karṇābhyām) - with two ears

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of karṇa

karṇa - ear

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Refers to 'kathitam'

महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

मनसि (manasi) - in the mind

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, heart

व्यग्रे (vyagre) - agitated, disturbed, bewildered

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyagra

vyagra - agitated, disturbed, engrossed, bewildered, occupied

Note: Agrees with 'manasi'

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul, life principle

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - life, principle of life, living being, individual soul

निरर्थकः (nirarthakaḥ) - meaningless, useless, purposeless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirarthaka

nirarthaka - meaningless, useless, purposeless, vain

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (nis+arthaka)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• arthaka – having meaning, serving a purpose
  adjective