महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-148, verse-23

कल्याणमनुमन्तव्यं पुरुषेण बुभूषता ।
ये सुगन्धीनि सेवन्ते तथागन्धा भवन्ति ते ।
ये दुर्गन्धीनि सेवन्ते तथागन्धा भवन्ति ते ॥२३॥

23. kalyāṇamanumantavyaṁ puruṣeṇa bubhūṣatā ,
ye sugandhīni sevante tathāgandhā bhavanti te ,
ye durgandhīni sevante tathāgandhā bhavanti te.

23. kalyāṇam anumantavyam puruṣeṇa
bubhūṣatā ye sugandhīni sevante
tathāgandhāḥ bhavanti te ye durgandhīni
sevante tathāgandhāḥ bhavanti te

23. bubhūṣatā puruṣeṇa kalyāṇam
anumantavyam ye sugandhīni sevante te
tathāgandhāḥ bhavanti ye durgandhīni
sevante te tathāgandhāḥ bhavanti

23. A person (puruṣa) who desires prosperity should cultivate what is auspicious. Those who associate with fragrant things themselves become fragrant. Similarly, those who associate with foul-smelling things themselves become foul-smelling.

Words meanings summery:

• कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - welfare, auspiciousness, good, beautiful

• अनुमन्तव्यम् (anumantavyam) - should be cultivated/desired (should be approved, should be desired, should be permitted)

• पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person, by a man, by the cosmic person

• बुभूषता (bubhūṣatā) - by one who desires prosperity (by one wishing to be, by one desiring to exist/prosper)

• ये (ye) - those who (who (plural nominative))

• सुगन्धीनि (sugandhīni) - fragrant things, having good smell

• सेवन्ते (sevante) - they serve, they associate with, they cultivate

• तथागन्धाः (tathāgandhāḥ) - become fragrant (like those things) (having such a smell, acquiring that fragrance)

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

• ते (te) - they (masculine nominative plural)

• ये (ye) - those who (who (plural nominative))

• दुर्गन्धीनि (durgandhīni) - foul-smelling things, having bad smell

• सेवन्ते (sevante) - they serve, they associate with, they cultivate

• तथागन्धाः (tathāgandhāḥ) - become foul-smelling (like those things) (having such a smell, acquiring that fragrance)

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

• ते (te) - they (masculine nominative plural)

Words meanings and morphology

कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - welfare, auspiciousness, good, beautiful

(noun)

neuter, singular of kalyāṇa

kalyāṇa - welfare, auspiciousness, good, beautiful, excellent

Note: Acts as object of 'anumantavyam'.

अनुमन्तव्यम् (anumantavyam) - should be cultivated/desired (should be approved, should be desired, should be permitted)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anumantavya

anumantavya - to be assented to, to be approved, to be desired

Gerundive

Derived from √man (to think) with prefix 'anu' and suffix -tavya

Prefix: anu

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Potential passive participle (gerundive) used impersonally.

पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person, by a man, by the cosmic person

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

बुभूषता (bubhūṣatā) - by one who desires prosperity (by one wishing to be, by one desiring to exist/prosper)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bubhūṣat

bubhūṣat - desiring to be, wishing to exist/prosper

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

Present participle of desiderative of √bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Modifies `puruṣeṇa`.

ये (ye) - those who (who (plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

सुगन्धीनि (sugandhīni) - fragrant things, having good smell

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sugandhin

sugandhin - fragrant, sweet-smelling

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+gandhin)

• su – good, well
  indeclinable
  prefix
• gandhin – having smell
  adjective (masculine)
  From gandha + -in (possessive suffix)

सेवन्ते (sevante) - they serve, they associate with, they cultivate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Middle voice verb.

तथागन्धाः (tathāgandhāḥ) - become fragrant (like those things) (having such a smell, acquiring that fragrance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tathāgandha

tathāgandha - having such a smell, smelling in that way

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tathā+gandha)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• gandha – smell, fragrance, odor
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies `te`.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

ते (te) - they (masculine nominative plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers back to `ye`.

ये (ye) - those who (who (plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

दुर्गन्धीनि (durgandhīni) - foul-smelling things, having bad smell

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of durgandhin

durgandhin - foul-smelling, malodorous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+gandhin)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  prefix
• gandhin – having smell
  adjective (masculine)
  From gandha + -in (possessive suffix)

सेवन्ते (sevante) - they serve, they associate with, they cultivate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Middle voice verb.

तथागन्धाः (tathāgandhāḥ) - become foul-smelling (like those things) (having such a smell, acquiring that fragrance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tathāgandha

tathāgandha - having such a smell, smelling in that way

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tathā+gandha)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• gandha – smell, fragrance, odor
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies `te`.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

ते (te) - they (masculine nominative plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers back to `ye`.