महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-148, verse-13

त्यागधर्मं पवित्राणां संन्यासं परमब्रवीत् ।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीमा गाथाः सत्यवता कृताः ॥१३॥

13. tyāgadharmaṁ pavitrāṇāṁ saṁnyāsaṁ paramabravīt ,
atrāpyudāharantīmā gāthāḥ satyavatā kṛtāḥ.

13. tyāgadhamam pavitrāṇām saṃnyāsam param abravīt
atra api udāharanti imāḥ gāthāḥ satyavatā kṛtāḥ

13. pavitrāṇām tyāgadhamam saṃnyāsam param abravīt
atra api satyavatā kṛtāḥ imāḥ gāthāḥ udāharanti

13. He declared the natural law (dharma) of abandonment, renunciation (saṃnyāsa), as supremely important among purifying acts. In this regard, they also cite these verses composed by Satya.

Words meanings summery:

• त्यागधमम् (tyāgadhamam) - the natural law of renunciation/abandonment

• पवित्राणाम् (pavitrāṇām) - of the pure ones; of purifying acts

• संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - renunciation, complete abandonment

• परम् (param) - supremely (modifying 'abravīt') (supreme, highest; supremely)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he declared, he spoke

• अत्र (atra) - in this regard (here, in this place, in this matter)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they illustrate, they adduce

• इमाः (imāḥ) - these

• गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - verses, songs

• सत्यवता (satyavatā) - by Satya, by the truthful one

• कृताः (kṛtāḥ) - composed, made, done

Words meanings and morphology

त्यागधमम् (tyāgadhamam) - the natural law of renunciation/abandonment

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tyāgadharma

tyāgadharma - natural law of abandonment; the principle of renunciation

Compound type : tatpurusha (tyāga+dharma)

• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation, giving up
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'tyaj' with suffix '-a'
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support) with suffix '-ma'
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पवित्राणाम् (pavitrāṇām) - of the pure ones; of purifying acts

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of pavitra

pavitra - pure, holy, sacred; purifying, cleansing; pure person/thing

Derived from root 'pū' (to purify) with suffix '-itra'

Root: pū (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'acts' implied in the context

संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - renunciation, complete abandonment

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃnyāsa

saṁnyāsa - renunciation, abandonment, asceticism, monastic life

Derived from root 'as' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ni'

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: as (class 4)

परम् (param) - supremely (modifying 'abravīt') (supreme, highest; supremely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he declared, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - in this regard (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they illustrate, they adduce

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of udāhṛ

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमाः (imāḥ) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Agrees with 'gāthāḥ'

गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - verses, songs

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gāthā

gāthā - verse, song, stanza (especially non-Vedic or epic)

Root: gā (class 3)

सत्यवता (satyavatā) - by Satya, by the truthful one

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of satyavat

satyavat - truthful, honest; (as a proper noun) Satya

Possessive suffix '-vat' added to 'satya' (truth)

कृताः (kṛtāḥ) - composed, made, done

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed; prepared; produced, composed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' with suffix '-ta'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'gāthāḥ'