महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-107, verse-7

यस्त्वं प्रव्रजितो राज्याद्व्यसनं चोत्तमं गतः ।
आनृशंस्येन वृत्तेन क्षत्रियेच्छसि जीवितुम् ॥७॥

7. yastvaṁ pravrajito rājyādvyasanaṁ cottamaṁ gataḥ ,
ānṛśaṁsyena vṛttena kṣatriyecchasi jīvitum.

7. yaḥ tvam pravrajitaḥ rājyāt vyasanam ca uttamam
gataḥ ānṛśaṃsyena vṛttena kṣatriya icchasi jīvitum

7. yaḥ tvam rājyāt pravrajitaḥ ca uttamam vyasanam gataḥ,
kṣatriya ānṛśaṃsyena vṛttena jīvitum icchasi.

7. You, who have abandoned the kingdom and faced the direst misfortune, O Kṣatriya, yet you wish to live your life with a compassionate disposition.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - The relative pronoun, referring to 'you' (tvam). (who, which)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• प्रव्रजितः (pravrajitaḥ) - one who has renounced the kingdom (renounced, gone forth, an ascetic)

• राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - the greatest misfortune or adversity (misfortune, calamity, distress)

• च (ca) - and, also

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - direst, most severe (highest, best, greatest)

• गतः (gataḥ) - attained, fallen into (misfortune) (gone, reached, attained)

• आनृशंस्येन (ānṛśaṁsyena) - by a compassionate disposition (by compassion, with humanity)

• वृत्तेन (vṛttena) - by a particular way of living (by conduct, by behavior)

• क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya) - Addressing the person. (O warrior, O Kṣatriya)

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire, you wish

• जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live, to exist

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - The relative pronoun, referring to 'you' (tvam). (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Used as coreference for 'yaḥ'.

प्रव्रजितः (pravrajitaḥ) - one who has renounced the kingdom (renounced, gone forth, an ascetic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravrajita

pravrajita - gone forth, renounced, become an ascetic/wanderer

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra' + root 'vraj' (to go) + 'kta' (pp. suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Often used as a noun meaning 'ascetic'.

राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, state, sovereignty

From 'rājan' (king) + 'ya' suffix.

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - the greatest misfortune or adversity (misfortune, calamity, distress)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, addiction, vice, distress

From 'vi' + root 'as' + 'ana' suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'pravrajitaḥ' and 'gataḥ'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - direst, most severe (highest, best, greatest)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, ultimate

Superlative form of 'ud' (up) or related to 'ut'.

गतः (gataḥ) - attained, fallen into (misfortune) (gone, reached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, attained, passed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) + 'kta' (pp. suffix).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Here used in an active sense with accusative object ('vyasanam').

आनृशंस्येन (ānṛśaṁsyena) - by a compassionate disposition (by compassion, with humanity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ānṛśaṃsya

ānṛśaṁsya - humanity, kindness, compassion, benevolence

From 'anṛśaṃsa' (compassionate) + 'ya' suffix forming an abstract noun.

वृत्तेन (vṛttena) - by a particular way of living (by conduct, by behavior)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, course of action, occurrence

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛt' (to turn, exist) + 'kta' (pp. suffix).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: 'ānṛśaṃsyena vṛttena' is a descriptive instrumental phrase.

क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya) - Addressing the person. (O warrior, O Kṣatriya)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior class, a ruler

From 'kṣatra' (rule, dominion).

Root: kṣi (class 5)

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire, you wish

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of iṣ

Present

2nd person singular active present of 'iṣ'.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live, to exist

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of 'jīv'.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: While verb-derived, functions as an indeclinable noun.