महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-107, verse-23

सोऽहं त्वया त्वात्मगुणैर्जितः पार्थिवसत्तम ।
आत्मानमनवज्ञाय जितवद्वर्ततां भवान् ॥२३॥

23. so'haṁ tvayā tvātmaguṇairjitaḥ pārthivasattama ,
ātmānamanavajñāya jitavadvartatāṁ bhavān.

23. saḥ aham tvayā tu ātmaguṇaiḥ jitaḥ pārthivasattama
ātmānam anavajñāya jitavat vartatām bhavān

23. pārthivasattama saḥ aham tu tvayā ātmaguṇaiḥ
jitaḥ bhavān ātmānam anavajñāya jitavat vartatām

23. O best of kings (pārthivasattama), I, myself, am now conquered by you through your intrinsic qualities (qualities of the ātman). Therefore, without disrespecting your own self (ātman), may you conduct yourself as a true conqueror.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - I, the same (referring to the speaker) (he, that, the same)

• अहम् (aham) - I, myself (I)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• तु (tu) - now (with a sense of contrast or emphasis) (but, indeed, however)

• आत्मगुणैः (ātmaguṇaiḥ) - through your intrinsic qualities (qualities of the ātman) (by intrinsic qualities, by self-qualities)

• जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered (conquered, won)

• पार्थिवसत्तम (pārthivasattama) - O best of kings (pārthivasattama) (best of kings)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - your own self (ātman) (the self, oneself)

• अनवज्ञाय (anavajñāya) - without disrespecting (without disrespecting, without underestimating)

• जितवत् (jitavat) - as a conqueror (like a conqueror, as one who has conquered)

• वर्तताम् (vartatām) - may you conduct yourself (let him/it be, let him/it behave)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful) (your honor, you (masculine))

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - I, the same (referring to the speaker) (he, that, the same)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

Note: Often used with 'aham' to mean 'I, that very one'.

अहम् (aham) - I, myself (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person singular pronoun, nominative.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Instrumental singular of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Agent in passive construction.

तु (tu) - now (with a sense of contrast or emphasis) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

आत्मगुणैः (ātmaguṇaiḥ) - through your intrinsic qualities (qualities of the ātman) (by intrinsic qualities, by self-qualities)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ātmaguṇa

ātmaguṇa - quality of the self, inherent virtue, intrinsic attribute

Compound of 'ātman' (self) and 'guṇa' (quality).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+guṇa)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)
• guṇa – quality, attribute, virtue, string, thread
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of being conquered.

जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered (conquered, won)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, victorious, won, subdued (Past Passive Participle of ji)

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ji' (to conquer, to win).

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'aham'.

पार्थिवसत्तम (pārthivasattama) - O best of kings (pārthivasattama) (best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthivasattama

pārthivasattama - best of kings, most excellent among rulers

Compound of 'pārthiva' (king, earthly) and 'sattama' (best, most excellent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārthiva+sattama)

• pārthiva – earthly, royal, king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth).
• sattama – best, most excellent, supreme (superlative of sat)
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix 'tama' added to 'sat' (good, existing).

Note: Addressing the recipient of the speech.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - your own self (ātman) (the self, oneself)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual essence, mind

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of 'anavajñāya'.

अनवज्ञाय (anavajñāya) - without disrespecting (without disrespecting, without underestimating)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From 'an' (negation) + 'ava' (down) + root 'jñā' (to know) + suffix 'ya'. Literally 'having not looked down upon/disrespected'.

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+avajñāya)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• avajñāya – having disrespected, having despised, having underestimated
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (Gerund)
  From prefix 'ava' + root 'jñā' + suffix 'ya'.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: jñā (class 9)

जितवत् (jitavat) - as a conqueror (like a conqueror, as one who has conquered)

(adjective)

singular of jitavat

jitavat - having conquered, victorious, like a conqueror

Past Active Participle (secondary suffix 'vat' meaning 'like')

From 'jita' (PPP of ji) + 'vat' suffix for comparison/possession.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to modify 'vartatām'.

वर्तताम् (vartatām) - may you conduct yourself (let him/it be, let him/it behave)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛt

Imperative Mood, Ātmanepada, 3rd Person Singular

From root 'vṛt', belonging to 1st class.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful) (your honor, you (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite), being, existing

Present Active Participle of 'bhū'

Used as a respectful pronoun for 'you'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vartatām'. Grammatically 3rd person, but semantically 2nd person (polite address).