महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-107, verse-14

यद्ययं प्रतियुध्येत्त्वां स्वकर्म क्षत्रियस्य तत् ।
जिगीषमाणस्त्वां युद्धे पितृपैतामहे पदे ॥१४॥

14. yadyayaṁ pratiyudhyettvāṁ svakarma kṣatriyasya tat ,
jigīṣamāṇastvāṁ yuddhe pitṛpaitāmahe pade.

14. yadi ayam pratiyudhyet tvām svakarma kṣatriyasya
tat | jigīṣamāṇaḥ tvām yuddhe pitṛpaitāmahe pade

14. yadi ayam tvām pratiyudhyet,
tat kṣatriyasya svakarma pitṛpaitāmahe pade yuddhe tvām jigīṣamāṇaḥ

14. If this one (the prince) were to fight against you, that would be his own inherent action (svakarma) as a warrior (kṣatriya). (He would be) desiring to conquer you in battle for the hereditary position.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• प्रतियुध्येत् (pratiyudhyet) - he would fight against, he should fight against

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• स्वकर्म (svakarma) - his own inherent action (karma) (one's own action, one's own duty (karma))

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a warrior, of a kshatriya

• तत् (tat) - that, that one

• जिगीषमाणः (jigīṣamāṇaḥ) - desiring to conquer, wishing to win

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• पितृपैतामहे (pitṛpaitāmahe) - in the hereditary, in the ancestral

• पदे (pade) - in the place, in the position, in the footstep

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle.

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the prince.

प्रतियुध्येत् (pratiyudhyet) - he would fight against, he should fight against

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of pratiyudh

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice.

From prati + root yudh (to fight).

Prefix: prati

Root: yudh (class 4)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

2nd person pronoun.

Note: Object of pratiyudhyet and jigīṣamāṇaḥ.

स्वकर्म (svakarma) - his own inherent action (karma) (one's own action, one's own duty (karma))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svakarma

svakarma - one's own action, one's own duty, one's particular business

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karma)

• sva – one's own, his own
  pronoun/adjective (masculine)
• karma – action, deed, work, duty, ritual action
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative for tat.

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a warrior, of a kshatriya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class, a warrior, noble

From kṣatra (rule, dominion).

Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Qualifies svakarma.

तत् (tat) - that, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the implied 'is'.

जिगीषमाणः (jigīṣamāṇaḥ) - desiring to conquer, wishing to win

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jigīṣamāṇa

jigīṣamāṇa - desiring to conquer, wishing to win

Present Middle Participle (Desiderative)

From desiderative stem of root ji (to conquer, win) + śānac suffix.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Describes the prince's motivation.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

2nd person pronoun.

Note: Object of pratiyudhyet and jigīṣamāṇaḥ.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the place/context of the action.

पितृपैतामहे (pitṛpaitāmahe) - in the hereditary, in the ancestral

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of pitṛpaitāmaha

pitṛpaitāmaha - paternal, ancestral, hereditary, belonging to father and grandfather

Compound. From pitṛ (father) and pitāmaha (grandfather).

Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+pitāmaha)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• pitāmaha – grandfather (paternal)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes pade.

पदे (pade) - in the place, in the position, in the footstep

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, place, position, station, rank, word

From root pad (to go, fall).

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Indicates the goal or object of contention.