महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-17, verse-9

आदिरेष हि भूतानां मध्यमन्तश्च भारत ।
विचेष्टते जगच्चेदं सर्वमस्यैव कर्मणा ॥९॥

9. ādireṣa hi bhūtānāṁ madhyamantaśca bhārata ,
viceṣṭate jagaccedaṁ sarvamasyaiva karmaṇā.

9. ādiḥ eṣaḥ hi bhūtānām madhyam antaḥ ca bhārata
viceṣṭate jagat ca idam sarvam asya eva karmaṇā

9. bhārata hi eṣaḥ bhūtānām ādiḥ madhyam ca antaḥ
ca idam sarvam jagat asya eva karmaṇā viceṣṭate

9. Indeed, O Bhārata, He (Mahādeva) is the beginning, the middle, and the end of all beings. This entire universe moves and functions solely through His own action (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• आदिः (ādiḥ) - beginning, origin

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - refers to Mahādeva (this, he)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, surely

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all beings (of beings, of creatures, of elements)

• मध्यम् (madhyam) - middle, midst

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - end, limit, conclusion

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Arjuna (O descendant of Bharata (Arjuna))

• विचेष्टते (viceṣṭate) - moves and functions (moves, acts, endeavors)

• जगत् (jagat) - this universe (world, universe, moving)

• च (ca) - and, also

• इदम् (idam) - this

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - this entire (universe) (all, entire, whole)

• अस्य (asya) - of Mahādeva (of him, his)

• एव (eva) - solely (only, just, indeed)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - through His own action (karma) (by action, by deed (karma))

Words meanings and morphology

आदिः (ādiḥ) - beginning, origin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, origin, commencement

Root: ad (class 2)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - refers to Mahādeva (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

Note: nominative singular masculine of etad

हि (hi) - for, indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all beings (of beings, of creatures, of elements)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, what has been

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √bhū (to be, to become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

मध्यम् (madhyam) - middle, midst

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central

Root: mad

अन्तः (antaḥ) - end, limit, conclusion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, conclusion

Root: ant

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Arjuna (O descendant of Bharata (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to India

Vocative singular masculine of Bhārata, a patronymic. Often refers to Arjuna or other key figures in the Mahābhārata.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

विचेष्टते (viceṣṭate) - moves and functions (moves, acts, endeavors)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ceṣṭ

Present Middle

Form of vi-√ceṣṭ (to move, to act), 3rd person singular, present middle (ātmanepada)

Prefix: vi

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Prefix `vi` can intensify or indicate separation

जगत् (jagat) - this universe (world, universe, moving)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, what moves

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of √gam (to go), used as a noun

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative singular

सर्वम् (sarvam) - this entire (universe) (all, entire, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Adjective used as pronoun

अस्य (asya) - of Mahādeva (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: genitive singular masculine of idam

एव (eva) - solely (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - through His own action (karma) (by action, by deed (karma))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, consequence of action

From √kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)