महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-17, verse-18

ततस्ताभ्यो ददावन्नमोषधीः स्थावराणि च ।
जङ्गमानि च भूतानि दुर्बलानि बलीयसाम् ॥१८॥

18. tatastābhyo dadāvannamoṣadhīḥ sthāvarāṇi ca ,
jaṅgamāni ca bhūtāni durbalāni balīyasām.

18. tataḥ tābhyaḥ dadau annam oṣadhīḥ sthāvarāṇi
ca jaṅgamāni ca bhūtāni durbalāni balīyasām

18. tataḥ saḥ tābhyaḥ annam oṣadhīḥ sthāvarāṇi ca
jaṅgamāni bhūtāni ca durbalāni balīyasām dadau

18. Then he gave them food, as well as herbs and immobile things. He also provided mobile creatures, the weak ones, for the strong.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, therefore, from that)

• ताभ्यः (tābhyaḥ) - to them (referring to the creatures) (to them, for them)

• ददौ (dadau) - he gave

• अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, grain, sustenance)

• ओषधीः (oṣadhīḥ) - herbs (herbs, plants, medicinal plants)

• स्थावराणि (sthāvarāṇi) - immobile things (immobile things, stationary objects (plants, mountains))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• जङ्गमानि (jaṅgamāni) - mobile creatures (mobile things, moving creatures)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - creatures (beings, creatures, elements)

• दुर्बलानि (durbalāni) - weak (creatures) (weak, feeble, powerless)

• बलीयसाम् (balīyasām) - for the stronger (creatures) (of the stronger, for the stronger, to the more powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

ताभ्यः (tābhyaḥ) - to them (referring to the creatures) (to them, for them)

(pronoun)

Dative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Dative case for 'to whom' the giving occurred.

ददौ (dadau) - he gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect active 3rd person singular

Root: dā (class 3)

अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, grain, sustenance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, rice, grain, sustenance

Past Passive Participle

From root ad (to eat) + Kta suffix; then nominalized

Root: ad (class 2)

ओषधीः (oṣadhīḥ) - herbs (herbs, plants, medicinal plants)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of oṣadhi

oṣadhi - herb, plant, medicinal plant

स्थावराणि (sthāvarāṇi) - immobile things (immobile things, stationary objects (plants, mountains))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sthāvara

sthāvara - immobile, stationary, fixed; a plant, a mountain

From root sthā (to stand) + vara suffix

Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

जङ्गमानि (jaṅgamāni) - mobile creatures (mobile things, moving creatures)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of jaṅgama

jaṅgama - mobile, moving, animate; an animal

From root gam (to go) by reduplication

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - creatures (beings, creatures, elements)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, ghost, element, past

Past Passive Participle

From root bhū (to be) + kta suffix; then nominalized

Root: bhū (class 1)

दुर्बलानि (durbalāni) - weak (creatures) (weak, feeble, powerless)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, powerless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+bala)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power, might, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'bhūtāni', indicating they are the weak ones.

बलीयसाम् (balīyasām) - for the stronger (creatures) (of the stronger, for the stronger, to the more powerful)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of balīyas

balīyas - stronger, very strong, more powerful

Comparative degree of 'balin'

Note: Genitive case here indicates purpose or recipient, 'for the stronger'.