महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-17, verse-25

तपसाधिगतं चान्नं प्रजार्थं मे पितामह ।
ओषध्यः परिवर्तेरन्यथैव सततं प्रजाः ॥२५॥

25. tapasādhigataṁ cānnaṁ prajārthaṁ me pitāmaha ,
oṣadhyaḥ parivarteranyathaiva satataṁ prajāḥ.

25. tapasā adhigatam ca annam prajārtham me pitāmaha
oṣadhyaḥ parivarteran yathā eva satatam prajāḥ

25. pitāmaha me tapasā ca adhigatam annam prajārtham
yathā eva oṣadhyaḥ satatam parivarteran prajāḥ

25. "And O Grandfather, the food (nourishment) obtained by me through spiritual austerity (tapas) is for the sake of creatures. Just as plants continually regenerate, so too do creatures (need sustenance)."

Words meanings summery:

• तपसा (tapasā) - by spiritual austerity (tapas) (by spiritual austerity, by penance)

• अधिगतम् (adhigatam) - obtained, acquired, understood

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, nourishment, grain

• प्रजार्थम् (prajārtham) - for the sake of creatures/offspring

• मे (me) - by me, for me, my

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - O Grandfather (referring to Brahmā) (O Grandfather)

• ओषध्यः (oṣadhyaḥ) - plants, herbs, medicinal plants

• परिवर्तेरन् (parivarteran) - they would revolve, they would change, they would regenerate

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - creatures, beings, offspring

Words meanings and morphology

तपसा (tapasā) - by spiritual austerity (tapas) (by spiritual austerity, by penance)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, spiritual austerity, penance, intense meditation, self-discipline

अधिगतम् (adhigatam) - obtained, acquired, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhigata

adhigata - obtained, acquired, reached, understood, learned

Past Passive Participle

From adhi-√gam (to go over, to obtain, to understand)

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, nourishment, grain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, boiled rice, grain, sustenance

प्रजार्थम् (prajārtham) - for the sake of creatures/offspring

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prajārtha

prajārtha - for the sake of progeny/beings/people

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prajā+artha)

• prajā – progeny, creatures, people
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, sake
  noun (masculine)

मे (me) - by me, for me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

पितामह (pitāmaha) - O Grandfather (referring to Brahmā) (O Grandfather)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, creator (epithet of Brahmā)

ओषध्यः (oṣadhyaḥ) - plants, herbs, medicinal plants

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of oṣadhi

oṣadhi - herb, plant, medicinal plant

परिवर्तेरन् (parivarteran) - they would revolve, they would change, they would regenerate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, optative (liṅ) of parivart

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satata

satata - continuous, perpetual, constant

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - creatures, beings, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, creatures, people, subjects