महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-17, verse-21

बहुरूपाः प्रजा दृष्ट्वा विवृद्धाः स्वेन तेजसा ।
चुक्रोध भगवान्रुद्रो लिङ्गं स्वं चाप्यविध्यत ॥२१॥

21. bahurūpāḥ prajā dṛṣṭvā vivṛddhāḥ svena tejasā ,
cukrodha bhagavānrudro liṅgaṁ svaṁ cāpyavidhyata.

21. bahurūpāḥ prajāḥ dṛṣṭvā vivṛddhāḥ svena tejasā
cukrodha bhagavān rudraḥ liṅgam svam ca api avidhyata

21. bhagavān rudraḥ bahurūpāḥ vivṛddhāḥ svena tejasā
prajāḥ dṛṣṭvā cukrodha ca svam liṅgam api avidhyata

21. Having seen the diverse forms of creatures, grown by their own power, the venerable Rudra became angry. He then pierced his own emblem (liṅga).

Words meanings summery:

• बहुरूपाः (bahurūpāḥ) - diverse forms of (creatures) (multi-formed, diverse-shaped)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - creatures (offspring, progeny, creatures, people)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• विवृद्धाः (vivṛddhāḥ) - (creatures) greatly increased (grown, increased, greatly grown)

• स्वेन (svena) - by their own (referring to creatures' power) (by his/its own)

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by their (own) power (by splendor, by power, by energy, by vitality)

• चुक्रोध (cukrodha) - he became angry

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable (venerable, glorious, divine, lord)

• रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra (the deity) (Rudra (a name of Shiva))

• लिङ्गम् (liṅgam) - his emblem (liṅga) (emblem, sign, mark, characteristic, phallus)

• स्वम् (svam) - his own (emblem) (his own)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - then (even, also, too)

• अविध्यत (avidhyata) - he pierced (he pierced, he struck, he wounded)

Words meanings and morphology

बहुरूपाः (bahurūpāḥ) - diverse forms of (creatures) (multi-formed, diverse-shaped)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of bahurūpa

bahurūpa - multi-formed, diverse, having many shapes

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+rūpa)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'prajāḥ'.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - creatures (offspring, progeny, creatures, people)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, creature, people

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Indeclinable participle (gerund) from root dṛś + tvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विवृद्धाः (vivṛddhāḥ) - (creatures) greatly increased (grown, increased, greatly grown)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vivṛddha

vivṛddha - grown, increased, greatly developed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow) with vi prefix

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'prajāḥ'.

स्वेन (svena) - by their own (referring to creatures' power) (by his/its own)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sva

sva - own, self, one's own

Note: Refers to the creatures (their own power/splendor).

तेजसा (tejasā) - by their (own) power (by splendor, by power, by energy, by vitality)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, power, energy, brilliance, vitality

चुक्रोध (cukrodha) - he became angry

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of krudh

Perfect active 3rd person singular

Root: krudh (class 4)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable (venerable, glorious, divine, lord)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, glorious, divine, lord, prosperous

Possessive adjective from bhaga (fortune) + vat suffix

रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra (the deity) (Rudra (a name of Shiva))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra, a name of Shiva; terrible, howling

Root: rud (class 2)

लिङ्गम् (liṅgam) - his emblem (liṅga) (emblem, sign, mark, characteristic, phallus)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of liṅga

liṅga - sign, mark, emblem, characteristic, phallus, gender

स्वम् (svam) - his own (emblem) (his own)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, self, one's own

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - then (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here to connect two actions of Rudra, 'and also'.

अविध्यत (avidhyata) - he pierced (he pierced, he struck, he wounded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

Imperfect middle 3rd person singular

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Middle voice here suggests the action is performed for oneself or on one's own person.