महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-88, verse-11

ययातिरुवाच ।
यदर्हाय ददध्वं तत्सन्तः सत्यानृशंस्यतः ।
अहं तु नाभिधृष्णोमि यत्कृतं न मया पुरा ॥११॥

11. yayātiruvāca ,
yadarhāya dadadhvaṁ tatsantaḥ satyānṛśaṁsyataḥ ,
ahaṁ tu nābhidhṛṣṇomi yatkṛtaṁ na mayā purā.

11. yayātiḥ uvāca yat arhāya dadadhvam tat santaḥ satya-anṛśaṃsyataḥ
aham tu na abhidhṛṣṇomi yat kṛtam na mayā purā

11. Yayāti said: "O virtuous ones, whatever you give to the deserving out of truthfulness and compassion, I am unable to perform such an act, as it was not done by me in the past."

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which, that

• अर्हाय (arhāya) - to the deserving, to the worthy

• ददध्वम् (dadadhvam) - you give, you offer

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore, so

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - Addressed to the virtuous people (his grandsons) (O good people, O virtuous ones, being, existing)

• सत्य-अनृशंस्यतः (satya-anṛśaṁsyataḥ) - out of truthfulness and non-cruelty, out of truthfulness and compassion

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिधृष्णोमि (abhidhṛṣṇomi) - I am unable to perform (such an act) (I dare, I am able to hold, I am able to do)

• यत् (yat) - what, which, that

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

• न (na) - not

• मया (mayā) - by me

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Name of a king, son of Nahuṣa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative

From root √vac (2nd class), perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

यत् (yat) - whatever, which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that

Note: Functions as a relative pronoun, can also be accusative.

अर्हाय (arhāya) - to the deserving, to the worthy

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of arha

arha - deserving, worthy, fit

From root √arh 'to deserve'.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Used substantively to refer to a deserving person.

ददध्वम् (dadadhvam) - you give, you offer

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of dā

present imperative middle

From root √dā (3rd class, reduplicating), present imperative, 2nd person plural, middle voice.

Root: dā (class 3)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore, so

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Functions as a correlative pronoun to 'yat'.

सन्तः (santaḥ) - Addressed to the virtuous people (his grandsons) (O good people, O virtuous ones, being, existing)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, plural of sant

sant - being, existing, good, virtuous, noble

present active participle

From root √as 'to be', present active participle.

Root: as (class 2)

सत्य-अनृशंस्यतः (satya-anṛśaṁsyataḥ) - out of truthfulness and non-cruelty, out of truthfulness and compassion

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'satya' (truth) and 'anṛśaṃsya' (non-cruelty/compassion).

Compound type : dvandva (satya+anṛśaṃsya)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• anṛśaṃsya – non-cruelty, compassion, kindness
  noun (neuter)
  From 'a-nṛśaṃsa' (not cruel) + suffix -ya.
  Prefix: a

Note: Adverbial use.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person singular pronoun.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing antithesis or emphasis.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अभिधृष्णोमि (abhidhṛṣṇomi) - I am unable to perform (such an act) (I dare, I am able to hold, I am able to do)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dhṛṣ

present active indicative

From root √dhṛṣ (5th class), present tense, 1st person singular, active voice. With prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

यत् (yat) - what, which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that

Note: Refers to the action 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed; deed, act

past passive participle

From root √kṛ 'to do, make'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person pronoun.

Note: Agent in passive construction.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.