महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-80, verse-5

धर्मेण च प्रजाः सर्वा यथावदनुरञ्जयन् ।
ययातिः पालयामास साक्षादिन्द्र इवापरः ॥५॥

5. dharmeṇa ca prajāḥ sarvā yathāvadanurañjayan ,
yayātiḥ pālayāmāsa sākṣādindra ivāparaḥ.

5. dharmeṇa ca prajāḥ sarvāḥ yathāvat anurañjayan
yayātiḥ pālayāmāsa sākṣāt indraḥ iva aparaḥ

5. Delighting all his subjects righteously and appropriately, King Yayati ruled, truly like a second Indra himself.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by dharma, by righteousness, by justice

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, duly, according to rule, as it should be

• अनुरञ्जयन् (anurañjayan) - delighting, gratifying, pleasing

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (name of a king)

• पालयामास (pālayāmāsa) - ruled, protected, governed

• साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - directly, in person, actually, visibly

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (king of gods)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - another, second, other

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by dharma, by righteousness, by justice

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteous conduct, duty, law, virtue, fundamental principle

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - people, subjects, progeny, offspring

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Can also be nominative plural, but accusative fits the context 'delighting subjects'.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Agrees with 'prajāḥ'.

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, duly, according to rule, as it should be

(indeclinable)

अनुरञ्जयन् (anurañjayan) - delighting, gratifying, pleasing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anurañj

anurañj - to delight, to please, to gratify, to attach to oneself

Present Participle (Parasmaipada)

root rañj (रञ्ज्) with upasarga anu (अनु)

Prefix: anu

Root: rañj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'Yayātiḥ'.

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayati (a famous king in Hindu mythology)

Note: Subject of 'pālayāmāsa'.

पालयामास (pālayāmāsa) - ruled, protected, governed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of pālayāmāsa

Perfect tense (ām-suffix conjugation)

Form of the root pāl (पाल्) in the perfect tense, involving the ām-suffix (āmpratyaya) used for certain roots or secondary conjugations.

Root: pāl (class 10)

साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - directly, in person, actually, visibly

(indeclinable)

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (king of gods)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the gods, chief deity of the Rigveda)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अपरः (aparaḥ) - another, second, other

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - another, other, second, subsequent, inferior

Note: Agrees with 'Yayātiḥ' and 'Indraḥ'.