महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-80, verse-27

पूरोस्तु पौरवो वंशो यत्र जातोऽसि पार्थिव ।
इदं वर्षसहस्राय राज्यं कारयितुं वशी ॥२७॥

27. pūrostu pauravo vaṁśo yatra jāto'si pārthiva ,
idaṁ varṣasahasrāya rājyaṁ kārayituṁ vaśī.

27. pūroḥ tu pauravaḥ vaṃśaḥ yatra jātaḥ asi pārthiva
idam varṣasahasrāya rājyam kārayitum vaśī

27. But from Pūru sprang the Paurava lineage, in which you, O king, were born. You are capable of ruling this kingdom for a thousand years.

Words meanings summery:

• पूरोः (pūroḥ) - from Pūru, of Pūru

• तु (tu) - but, indeed

• पौरवः (pauravaḥ) - a Paurava, descendant of Pūru

• वंशः (vaṁśaḥ) - lineage, dynasty, family

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (lineage)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, originated

• असि (asi) - you are

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O ruler of the earth

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the kingdom Pūru is to rule. (this, this kingdom)

• वर्षसहस्राय (varṣasahasrāya) - for a thousand years

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• कारयितुम् (kārayitum) - to rule or govern the kingdom (to cause to do, to rule, to administer)

• वशी (vaśī) - The king (Pūru) is capable or a master of ruling. (controller, master, capable, powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

पूरोः (pūroḥ) - from Pūru, of Pūru

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of pūru

pūru - Name of an ancient king, son of Yayāti.

तु (tu) - but, indeed

(indeclinable)

Particle

पौरवः (pauravaḥ) - a Paurava, descendant of Pūru

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paurava

paurava - descendant of Pūru, relating to Pūru

Patronymic from Pūru.

वंशः (vaṁśaḥ) - lineage, dynasty, family

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaṃśa

vaṁśa - bamboo, family, lineage, race, dynasty

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (lineage)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place, here functioning as a relative pronoun with locative sense.

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, originated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, originated, become

Past Passive Participle

From root JAN (to be born, produce).

Root: JAN (class 4)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present active

Irregular root.

Root: AS (class 2)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O ruler of the earth

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - relating to the earth, a ruler of the earth, king, prince

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the kingdom Pūru is to rule. (this, this kingdom)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Here accusative, agreeing with rājyam.

वर्षसहस्राय (varṣasahasrāya) - for a thousand years

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound of varṣa (year) and sahasra (thousand).

Compound type : tatpurusha (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Dative case indicates purpose or duration for which something is given/intended.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of kārayitum.

कारयितुम् (kārayitum) - to rule or govern the kingdom (to cause to do, to rule, to administer)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive of Causal

Formed from causal stem of root KṚ (to do) with suffix -tum. Causal means 'to cause to do'. Here it implies to govern/administer.

Root: KṚ (class 8)

वशी (vaśī) - The king (Pūru) is capable or a master of ruling. (controller, master, capable, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaśin

vaśin - exercising power, controlling, self-controlled, master, capable

Adjective/noun formed with -in suffix.

Root: VAŚ