महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-80, verse-17

मम ज्येष्ठेन यदुना नियोगो नानुपालितः ।
प्रतिकूलः पितुर्यश्च न स पुत्रः सतां मतः ॥१७॥

17. mama jyeṣṭhena yadunā niyogo nānupālitaḥ ,
pratikūlaḥ pituryaśca na sa putraḥ satāṁ mataḥ.

17. mama jyeṣṭhena yadunā niyogaḥ na anupālitaḥ
pratīkūlaḥ pituḥ yaḥ ca na sa putraḥ satām mataḥ

17. My eldest son, Yadu, did not follow my command. And whoever is disobedient to his father is not considered a true son by the virtuous.

Words meanings summery:

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• ज्येष्ठेन (jyeṣṭhena) - by my eldest son (by the eldest)

• यदुना (yadunā) - by Yadu, the eldest son of Yayati (by Yadu)

• नियोगः (niyogaḥ) - my (Yayati's) command (command, order, appointment, injunction)

• न (na) - not

• अनुपालितः (anupālitaḥ) - was not followed (followed, observed, protected)

• प्रतीकूलः (pratīkūlaḥ) - contrary, unfavorable, disobedient, hostile

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father, to the father

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not

• स (sa) - he, that

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - a true son (son)

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of noble persons

• मतः (mataḥ) - is considered (a son) (considered, thought, approved, esteemed)

Words meanings and morphology

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

ज्येष्ठेन (jyeṣṭhena) - by my eldest son (by the eldest)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, senior, chief, best

Superlative degree of 'vṛddha' (old)

Note: Adjective to 'Yadunā'.

यदुना (yadunā) - by Yadu, the eldest son of Yayati (by Yadu)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yadu

yadu - Yadu (name of a king, son of Yayati)

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'anupālitaḥ'.

नियोगः (niyogaḥ) - my (Yayati's) command (command, order, appointment, injunction)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyoga

niyoga - command, order, appointment, application

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Subject of passive voice.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अनुपालितः (anupālitaḥ) - was not followed (followed, observed, protected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anupālita

anupālita - followed, observed, protected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pāl' with prefix 'anu'

Prefix: anu

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'niyogaḥ'.

प्रतीकूलः (pratīkūlaḥ) - contrary, unfavorable, disobedient, hostile

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratīkūla

pratīkūla - contrary, unfavorable, hostile, disobedient

Prefix: prati

Root: kūla

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father, to the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Governed by 'pratīkūlaḥ'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yaḥ'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - a true son (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Predicate nominative for 'sa'.

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of noble persons

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existing, true

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agent for 'mataḥ' in genitive case.

मतः (mataḥ) - is considered (a son) (considered, thought, approved, esteemed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - considered, thought, esteemed, approved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'man' (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'putraḥ'.