महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-80, verse-18

मातापित्रोर्वचनकृद्धितः पथ्यश्च यः सुतः ।
स पुत्रः पुत्रवद्यश्च वर्तते पितृमातृषु ॥१८॥

18. mātāpitrorvacanakṛddhitaḥ pathyaśca yaḥ sutaḥ ,
sa putraḥ putravadyaśca vartate pitṛmātṛṣu.

18. mātāpitroḥ vacanakṛt hitaḥ pathyaḥ ca yaḥ sutaḥ
sa putraḥ putravat yaḥ ca vartate pitṛmātṛṣu

18. That son who is obedient to his mother and father, beneficial, and wholesome, he is a true son; and he is one who behaves dutifully towards his parents.

Words meanings summery:

• मातापित्रोः (mātāpitroḥ) - of the mother and father, of the parents

• वचनकृत् (vacanakṛt) - obedient to the words/commands (of parents) (obedient to command, performing words)

• हितः (hitaḥ) - beneficial, salutary, good

• पथ्यः (pathyaḥ) - wholesome, proper, fit, suitable

• च (ca) - and

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

• स (sa) - he, that

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - a true son (son)

• पुत्रवत् (putravat) - dutifully, as a son should (like a son, as a son)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• च (ca) - and, also

• वर्तते (vartate) - who behaves (behaves, exists, remains, acts)

• पितृमातृषु (pitṛmātṛṣu) - towards parents, among parents

Words meanings and morphology

मातापित्रोः (mātāpitroḥ) - of the mother and father, of the parents

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of mātāpitṛ

mātāpitṛ - mother and father, parents

Compound type : dvandva (mātṛ+pitṛ)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)

वचनकृत् (vacanakṛt) - obedient to the words/commands (of parents) (obedient to command, performing words)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vacanakṛt

vacanakṛt - obedient, one who performs words/commands

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vacana+kṛt)

• vacana – word, speech, command
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)
• kṛt – doing, making, performing
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -kṛt from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'sutaḥ'.

हितः (hitaḥ) - beneficial, salutary, good

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, good, placed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dhā' (to place) and also used as an adjective meaning beneficial

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'sutaḥ'.

पथ्यः (pathyaḥ) - wholesome, proper, fit, suitable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pathya

pathya - wholesome, proper, fit for the way

gerundive

Derived from 'path' (path/way)

Root: path

Note: Qualifies 'sutaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sū' (to beget)

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Subject of the clause.

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yaḥ'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - a true son (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Predicate nominative.

पुत्रवत् (putravat) - dutifully, as a son should (like a son, as a son)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -vat indicating 'like, as'

Note: Adverbial use.

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वर्तते (vartate) - who behaves (behaves, exists, remains, acts)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

पितृमातृषु (pitṛmātṛṣu) - towards parents, among parents

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pitṛmātṛ

pitṛmātṛ - father and mother, parents

Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+mātṛ)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)

Note: Expresses 'towards' or 'in regard to'.