महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-63, verse-21

शुष्कां चापि नदीं गत्वा जलनैराश्यकर्शिताः ।
व्यायामक्लान्तहृदयाः पतन्ति स्म विचेतसः ॥२१॥

21. śuṣkāṁ cāpi nadīṁ gatvā jalanairāśyakarśitāḥ ,
vyāyāmaklāntahṛdayāḥ patanti sma vicetasaḥ.

21. śuṣkām ca api nadīm gatvā jalanairāśyakrśitāḥ
vyāyāmaklāntahṛdayāḥ patanti sma vicetasaḥ

21. Having gone to a dry river, emaciated by the lack of water and with hearts weary from exertion, they fell unconscious.

Words meanings summery:

• शुष्काम् (śuṣkām) - dry (dry, parched)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• नदीम् (nadīm) - river

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone (having gone, after going)

• जलनैराश्यक्र्शिताः (jalanairāśyakrśitāḥ) - emaciated by the lack of water (emaciated by the despair of water, weakened by the hopelessness for water)

• व्यायामक्लान्तहृदयाः (vyāyāmaklāntahṛdayāḥ) - with hearts weary from exertion (whose hearts are weary from exertion, having hearts tired from exercise)

• पतन्ति (patanti) - they were falling (they fall, they drop)

• स्म (sma) - (indicates past continuous tense) (particle denoting past action with present verb)

• विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - unconscious (senseless, unconscious, distraught, bewildered)

Words meanings and morphology

शुष्काम् (śuṣkām) - dry (dry, parched)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śuṣka

śuṣka - dry, parched, withered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √śuṣ

Root: śuṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'nadīm'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'dry river'.

नदीम् (nadīm) - river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river, stream

Note: Object of 'gatvā'.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone (having gone, after going)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from √gam with suffix -tvā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Connects the action of going to the main verb.

जलनैराश्यक्र्शिताः (jalanairāśyakrśitāḥ) - emaciated by the lack of water (emaciated by the despair of water, weakened by the hopelessness for water)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jalanairāśyakrśita

jalanairāśyakrśita - emaciated by despair of water

Compound type : tatpurusha (jala+nairāśya+krśita)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• nairāśya – despair, hopelessness, absence of hope
  noun (neuter)
• krśita – emaciated, weakened, thin
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √krś
  Root: krś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the subjects of 'patanti sma'.

व्यायामक्लान्तहृदयाः (vyāyāmaklāntahṛdayāḥ) - with hearts weary from exertion (whose hearts are weary from exertion, having hearts tired from exercise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyāyāmaklāntahṛdaya

vyāyāmaklāntahṛdaya - having hearts weary from exertion

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vyāyāmaklānta+hṛdaya)

• vyāyāma – exertion, exercise, effort
  noun (masculine)
• klānta – weary, fatigued, exhausted
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √klam
  Root: klam (class 4)
• hṛdaya – heart, mind, core
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the subjects of 'patanti sma'.

पतन्ति (patanti) - they were falling (they fall, they drop)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to denote past continuous action.

स्म (sma) - (indicates past continuous tense) (particle denoting past action with present verb)

(indeclinable)

विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - unconscious (senseless, unconscious, distraught, bewildered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vicetas

vicetas - senseless, unconscious, deprived of consciousness

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+cetas)

• vi – without, apart, away (prefix)
  upasarga
• cetas – consciousness, mind, understanding
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the subjects of 'patanti sma'.