महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-63, verse-2

खड्गशक्तिधरैर्वीरैर्गदामुसलपाणिभिः ।
प्रासतोमरहस्तैश्च ययौ योधशतैर्वृतः ॥२॥

2. khaḍgaśaktidharairvīrairgadāmusalapāṇibhiḥ ,
prāsatomarahastaiśca yayau yodhaśatairvṛtaḥ.

2. khaḍgaśaktidharaiḥ vīraiḥ gadāmusalapāṇibhiḥ
prāsatomarahastaiḥ ca yayau yodhaśataiḥ vṛtaḥ

2. He went, accompanied by hundreds of brave warriors who carried swords and spears, held maces and pestles in their hands, and grasped javelins and lances.

Words meanings summery:

• खड्गशक्तिधरैः (khaḍgaśaktidharaiḥ) - by those bearing swords and spears (by those bearing swords and spears/shaktis)

• वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by brave men (by heroes, by brave men)

• गदामुसलपाणिभिः (gadāmusalapāṇibhiḥ) - by those holding maces and pestles in their hands (by those with maces and pestles in their hands)

• प्रासतोमरहस्तैः (prāsatomarahastaiḥ) - by those holding javelins and lances (by those with javelins and lances in their hands)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ययौ (yayau) - he went (he went, he proceeded)

• योधशतैः (yodhaśataiḥ) - by hundreds of warriors

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (surrounded, covered, accompanied)

Words meanings and morphology

खड्गशक्तिधरैः (khaḍgaśaktidharaiḥ) - by those bearing swords and spears (by those bearing swords and spears/shaktis)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of khaḍgaśaktidhara

khaḍgaśaktidhara - bearing swords and spears/shaktis

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'dhara' (bearing) follows 'khaḍgaśakti'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (khaḍga+śakti+dhara)

• khaḍga – sword
  common noun (masculine)
• śakti – spear, lance, power
  common noun (feminine)
• dhara – bearer, holder
  agent noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to bear, hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adjective for 'vīraiḥ' or 'yodhaśataiḥ'.

वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by brave men (by heroes, by brave men)

(common noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

गदामुसलपाणिभिः (gadāmusalapāṇibhiḥ) - by those holding maces and pestles in their hands (by those with maces and pestles in their hands)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gadāmusalapāṇi

gadāmusalapāṇi - having maces and pestles in hand

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'pāṇi' (hand) is the final member after 'gadāmusala'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+musala+pāṇi)

• gadā – mace, club
  common noun (feminine)
• musala – pestle, club, mace
  common noun (masculine)
• pāṇi – hand
  common noun (masculine)

Note: Another adjective for the warriors.

प्रासतोमरहस्तैः (prāsatomarahastaiḥ) - by those holding javelins and lances (by those with javelins and lances in their hands)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prāsatomarahasta

prāsatomarahasta - having javelins and lances in hand

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'hasta' (hand) is the final member after 'prāsatomara'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāsa+tomara+hasta)

• prāsa – javelin, spear
  common noun (masculine)
• tomara – lance, dart
  common noun (masculine)
• hasta – hand
  common noun (masculine)

Note: Another adjective for the warriors.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the list of weapon-bearers.

ययौ (yayau) - he went (he went, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of yā

Perfect past 3rd person singular

Root verb 'yā' (class 2) conjugated in liṭ (perfect past), parasmaipada.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: The verb of motion for the implicit subject (the king).

योधशतैः (yodhaśataiḥ) - by hundreds of warriors

(common noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yodhaśata

yodhaśata - hundreds of warriors

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yodha+śata)

• yodha – warrior, fighter
  common noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root 'yudh' (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• śata – hundred
  common noun (neuter)

Note: It is the main group of people accompanying the king, qualified by the preceding adjectives.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (surrounded, covered, accompanied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, to encompass).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with the subject 'sa' (he, the king).