महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-169, verse-5

स तात इति विप्रर्षिं वसिष्ठं प्रत्यभाषत ।
मातुः समक्षं कौन्तेय अदृश्यन्त्याः परंतप ॥५॥

5. sa tāta iti viprarṣiṁ vasiṣṭhaṁ pratyabhāṣata ,
mātuḥ samakṣaṁ kaunteya adṛśyantyāḥ paraṁtapa.

5. saḥ tāta iti viprarṣim vasiṣṭham pratyabhāṣata
mātuḥ samakṣam kaunteya adṛśyantyāḥ paraṁtapa

5. O son of Kuntī, tormentor of foes, he (Parāśara) addressed the brahmin sage (viprarṣi) Vasiṣṭha as "father" in the presence of his mother, Adṛśyantī.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, Parāśara (he, that)

• तात (tāta) - O father, O dear one

• इति (iti) - introducing the direct speech 'tāta' (thus, so)

• विप्रर्षिम् (viprarṣim) - to Vasiṣṭha, who is a brahmin sage (to the brahmin sage)

• वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - Vasiṣṭha

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he addressed, he spoke to, he replied

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - of his mother, Adṛśyantī (of the mother)

• समक्षम् (samakṣam) - in the presence, before the eyes

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O son of Kuntī)

• अदृश्यन्त्याः (adṛśyantyāḥ) - of Adṛśyantī

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O tormentor of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, Parāśara (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तात (tāta) - O father, O dear one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear, beloved

इति (iti) - introducing the direct speech 'tāta' (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

विप्रर्षिम् (viprarṣim) - to Vasiṣṭha, who is a brahmin sage (to the brahmin sage)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viprarṣi

viprarṣi - brahmin sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vipra+ṛṣi)

• vipra – brahmin, inspired, wise
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (a proper noun, name of a celebrated Vedic sage)

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he addressed, he spoke to, he replied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

मातुः (mātuḥ) - of his mother, Adṛśyantī (of the mother)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

समक्षम् (samakṣam) - in the presence, before the eyes

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayibhava (sam+akṣa)

• sam – together, with, complete
  indeclinable
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (proper noun, used for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

अदृश्यन्त्याः (adṛśyantyāḥ) - of Adṛśyantī

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of adṛśyantī

adṛśyantī - Adṛśyantī (proper noun, name of Parāśara's mother)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O tormentor of foes)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṁtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, destroyer of enemies

Compound formed from para (enemy) and tapa (scorcher/tormentor)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (para+tapa)

• para – enemy, alien, other
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – heating, tormenting, asceticism (tapas)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)