महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-168, verse-9

वसिष्ठ उवाच ।
वृत्तमेतद्यथाकालं गच्छ राज्यं प्रशाधि तत् ।
ब्राह्मणांश्च मनुष्येन्द्र मावमंस्थाः कदाचन ॥९॥

9. vasiṣṭha uvāca ,
vṛttametadyathākālaṁ gaccha rājyaṁ praśādhi tat ,
brāhmaṇāṁśca manuṣyendra māvamaṁsthāḥ kadācana.

9. vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca vṛttam etat yathākālam gaccha rājyam praśādhi
tat brāhmaṇān ca manuṣyendra mā avamaṃsthāḥ kadācana

9. Vasiṣṭha said: "This event has unfolded as destined. Go and rule that kingdom. And, O king (manuṣyendra), never, at any time, disrespect brahmins."

Words meanings summery:

• वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - event, occurrence, conduct, that which has happened

• एतत् (etat) - this

• यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - timely, appropriately, as it should be, as was destined

• गच्छ (gaccha) - go

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, dominion

• प्रशाधि (praśādhi) - rule, govern, administer

• तत् (tat) - that (kingdom)

• ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brahmins

• च (ca) - and

• मनुष्येन्द्र (manuṣyendra) - O king, O lord of men

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

• अवमंस्थाः (avamaṁsthāḥ) - you should disrespect, you should despise

• कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at any time, never (with negation)

Words meanings and morphology

वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent Vedic sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root vac. Irregular form.

Root: vac (class 2)

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - event, occurrence, conduct, that which has happened

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, event, conduct, circular

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (near the speaker)

यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - timely, appropriately, as it should be, as was destined

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+kālam)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• kālam – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)

गच्छ (gaccha) - go

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada) of root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, dominion

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty

प्रशाधि (praśādhi) - rule, govern, administer

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of praśās

Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada) of root śās with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: śās (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (kingdom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'rājyam'.

ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brahmins

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - brahmin (a member of the priestly class), relating to Brahman

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मनुष्येन्द्र (manuṣyendra) - O king, O lord of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of manuṣyendra

manuṣyendra - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manuṣya+indra)

• manuṣya – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

अवमंस्थाः (avamaṁsthāḥ) - you should disrespect, you should despise

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, aorist (injunctive/prohibitive) (luṅ) of avaman

Aorist (Luṅ), 2nd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada) of root man with upasarga ava. Used with 'mā' for prohibition (injunctive).

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at any time, never (with negation)

(indeclinable)