महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-168, verse-13

गन्धर्व उवाच ।
ददानीत्येव तं तत्र राजानं प्रत्युवाच ह ।
वसिष्ठः परमेष्वासं सत्यसंधो द्विजोत्तमः ॥१३॥

13. gandharva uvāca ,
dadānītyeva taṁ tatra rājānaṁ pratyuvāca ha ,
vasiṣṭhaḥ parameṣvāsaṁ satyasaṁdho dvijottamaḥ.

13. gandharvaḥ uvāca dadāni iti eva tam tatra rājānam prati-uvāca
ha vasiṣṭhaḥ parameṣvāsam satya-sandhaḥ dvija-uttamaḥ

13. The Gandharva said, "I give." Thereupon, Vasiṣṭha, the foremost among the twice-born, whose truthfulness was his vow, replied to that king, who was an excellent archer.

Words meanings summery:

• गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - Gandharva (a celestial musician or demigod)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ददानि (dadāni) - I give, I grant

• इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or thought)

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• तम् (tam) - that king (him, that)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, thereupon, in that place

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king

• प्रति-उवाच (prati-uvāca) - replied, answered

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

• परमेष्वासम् (parameṣvāsam) - excellent archer, supreme bowman

• सत्य-सन्धः (satya-sandhaḥ) - whose vow is truth, truthful, faithful to promises

• द्विज-उत्तमः (dvija-uttamaḥ) - foremost among the twice-born

Words meanings and morphology

गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - Gandharva (a celestial musician or demigod)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandharva

gandharva - a class of celestial beings, musician of the gods

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Third person singular, perfect tense, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

ददानि (dadāni) - I give, I grant

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of dā

Present Active Indicative

First person singular, present tense, active voice. Root 'dā' belongs to class 3 (reduplicated).

Root: dā (class 3)

इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that king (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत्र (tatra) - there, thereupon, in that place

(indeclinable)

राजानम् (rājānam) - king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

प्रति-उवाच (prati-uvāca) - replied, answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of prati-vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Third person singular, perfect tense, active voice, with prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - most excellent, best; name of a celebrated Vedic sage

परमेष्वासम् (parameṣvāsam) - excellent archer, supreme bowman

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parameṣvāsa

parameṣvāsa - one with an excellent bow, an excellent archer

Compound of 'parama' (supreme) and 'iṣvāsa' (archer, bowman).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+iṣvāsa)

• parama – supreme, highest, best
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'para'.
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)
  From 'iṣu' (arrow) + 'āsa' (thrower, from 'as' to throw).
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Refers to the king.

सत्य-सन्धः (satya-sandhaḥ) - whose vow is truth, truthful, faithful to promises

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satya-sandha

satya-sandha - one whose vow (sandha) is truth (satya); truthful, faithful to promises

Compound adjective.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+sandha)

• satya – truth, reality
  noun (neuter)
• sandha – vow, agreement, promise
  noun (masculine)

द्विज-उत्तमः (dvija-uttamaḥ) - foremost among the twice-born

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija-uttama

dvija-uttama - best of the twice-born (Brahmins)

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya; also a bird, a tooth)
  noun (masculine)
  From 'dvi' (twice) + 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• uttama – best, highest, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree from 'ud'.