योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-8, verse-4

सुखादविद्योदेत्युच्चैस्तदेवान्ते प्रयच्छति ।
दुःखादविद्योदेत्युच्चैस्तदेवैषा फलत्यलम् ॥ ४ ॥

sukhādavidyodetyuccaistadevānte prayacchati ,
duḥkhādavidyodetyuccaistadevaiṣā phalatyalam 4

4. sukhāt avidyā ud-eti uccaiḥ tat eva ante prayacchati
duḥkhāt avidyā ud-eti uccaiḥ tat eva eṣā phalati alam

4. sukhāt avidyā uccaiḥ udeti tat eva ante prayacchati
duḥkhāt avidyā uccaiḥ udeti eṣā tat eva alam phalati

4. From happiness, ignorance (avidyā) arises powerfully, and in the end, it yields that very same happiness. From sorrow, ignorance (avidyā) arises powerfully, and that very same (ignorance) indeed bears ample fruit.

Words meanings summery:

• सुखात् (sukhāt) - from happiness, from pleasure

• अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance, nescience

• उद्-एति (ud-eti) - arises, comes forth, ascends

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - powerfully, highly, loudly, greatly

• तत् (tat) - Refers to `sukha` (happiness) in the first half, and `duḥkha` (sorrow) in the second half. (that, that very thing)

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, very

• अन्ते (ante) - in the end, finally

• प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - gives, bestows, grants, yields

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow, from pain

• अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance, nescience

• उद्-एति (ud-eti) - arises, comes forth, ascends

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - powerfully, highly, loudly, greatly

• तत् (tat) - Refers to `sukha` (happiness) in the first half, and `duḥkha` (sorrow) in the second half. (that, that very thing)

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, very

• एषा (eṣā) - Refers to `avidyā` from the same clause. (this one (feminine))

• फलति (phalati) - bears fruit, yields, results in

• अलम् (alam) - enough, sufficiently, abundantly, indeed

Words meanings and morphology

सुखात् (sukhāt) - from happiness, from pleasure

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, ease, pleasure, joy

Note: Indicates source or origin.

अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance, nescience

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avidyā

avidyā - ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance

Negative prefix 'a' + vidyā (knowledge).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+vidyā)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
  From root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: The subject of the verb 'udeti'.

उद्-एति (ud-eti) - arises, comes forth, ascends

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ud-i

Present active third person singular

From root i (to go) with prefix ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - powerfully, highly, loudly, greatly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from ud-añc (to go up).

Note: Modifies the verb 'udeti'.

तत् (tat) - Refers to `sukha` (happiness) in the first half, and `duḥkha` (sorrow) in the second half. (that, that very thing)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to the source from which ignorance arose (happiness or sorrow).

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes that it yields 'that very thing'.

अन्ते (ante) - in the end, finally

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, boundary, limit, conclusion

Note: Functions as an adverbial phrase 'in the end'.

प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - gives, bestows, grants, yields

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-yam

Present active third person singular

From root yam (to curb, hold) with prefix pra-. Usually takes a double accusative, or an accusative and dative.

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Subject is `avidyā` (implied).

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow, from pain

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery

Note: Indicates source or origin.

अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance, nescience

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avidyā

avidyā - ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance

Negative prefix 'a' + vidyā (knowledge).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+vidyā)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
  From root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: The subject of the verb 'udeti'.

उद्-एति (ud-eti) - arises, comes forth, ascends

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ud-i

Present active third person singular

From root i (to go) with prefix ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - powerfully, highly, loudly, greatly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from ud-añc (to go up).

Note: Modifies the verb 'udeti'.

तत् (tat) - Refers to `sukha` (happiness) in the first half, and `duḥkha` (sorrow) in the second half. (that, that very thing)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to the source from which ignorance arose (happiness or sorrow).

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes 'that very thing'.

एषा (eṣā) - Refers to `avidyā` from the same clause. (this one (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etas

etas - this, this one (feminine)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, referring to `avidyā`.

फलति (phalati) - bears fruit, yields, results in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of phal

Present active third person singular

From root phal (to bear fruit).

Root: phal (class 1)

Note: Subject is `eṣā` (avidyā).

अलम् (alam) - enough, sufficiently, abundantly, indeed

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Modifies the verb 'phalati', indicating the extent of fruit-bearing.