योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-100, verse-4

जायते कारणात्कार्यं यत्तत्कारणवद्भवेत् ।
यन्न जायत एवेह तस्मिन्सदृशता कुतः ॥ ४ ॥

jāyate kāraṇātkāryaṃ yattatkāraṇavadbhavet ,
yanna jāyata eveha tasminsadṛśatā kutaḥ 4

4. jāyate kāraṇāt kāryam yat tat kāraṇavat bhavet
| yat na jāyate eva iha tasmin sadṛśatā kutaḥ ||

4. kāryam yat kāraṇāt jāyate,
tat kāraṇavat bhavet yat eva iha na jāyate,
tasmin sadṛśatā kutaḥ

4. An effect, which arises from a cause, must itself possess a cause. For that which never originates here, how can there be any similarity?

Words meanings summery:

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, originates, arises

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, due to a cause

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect, product, that which is to be done

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• कारणवत् (kāraṇavat) - having a cause, possessed of a cause

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• न (na) - not, no

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, originates, arises

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, to that, in respect to that

• सदृशता (sadṛśatā) - similarity, likeness

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - whence, from where, why, how

Words meanings and morphology

जायते (jāyate) - is born, originates, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Present Middle

4th class, Ātmanepada, Present Tense

Root: jan (class 4)

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, due to a cause

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

from kṛ (to do) + ana (suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect, product, that which is to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - an effect, product, deed, duty, purpose; what is to be done

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

from kṛ (to do) + ya (suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Note: Relative pronoun

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, coreferential with 'yat'.

कारणवत् (kāraṇavat) - having a cause, possessed of a cause

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇavat

kāraṇavat - having a cause, caused, dependent on a cause

from kāraṇa + matup suffix (possessive)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

1st class, Parasmaipada, Optative Mood

Root: bhū (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Note: Relative pronoun

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

जायते (jāyate) - is born, originates, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Present Middle

4th class, Ātmanepada, Present Tense

Root: jan (class 4)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place/context

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, to that, in respect to that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to 'yat' from the previous clause.

सदृशता (sadṛśatā) - similarity, likeness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sadṛśatā

sadṛśatā - similarity, likeness, resemblance

from sadṛśa (similar) + tā (suffix forming feminine noun)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - whence, from where, why, how

(indeclinable)

from kim (what) + tas (ablative suffix)