योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-100, verse-2

कुम्भ उवाच ।
यत्र कारणता तस्य कार्यं तदुपपद्यते ।
यन्न कारणमेवादौ तस्मात्कार्यं कुतो भवेत् ॥ २ ॥

kumbha uvāca ,
yatra kāraṇatā tasya kāryaṃ tadupapadyate ,
yanna kāraṇamevādau tasmātkāryaṃ kuto bhavet 2

2. kumbhaḥ uvāca | yatra kāraṇatā tasya kāryam tat upapadyate
| yat na kāraṇam eva ādau tasmāt kāryam kutaḥ bhavet ||

2. kumbhaḥ uvāca yatra tasya kāraṇatā,
tat kāryam upapadyate yat ādau kāraṇam eva na,
tasmāt kāryam kutaḥ bhavet

2. Kumbha said: "Where there is causality, its effect is understood to arise. But if something is not a cause in the very beginning, then how could an effect come from it?"

Words meanings summery:

• कुम्भः (kumbhaḥ) - The speaker of this verse, a sage or divine being. (Kumbha (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which

• कारणता (kāraṇatā) - causality, the state of being a cause

• तस्य (tasya) - Of that [cause]. (of that, its)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect, work, deed

• तत् (tat) - That [effect] (that)

• उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is understood to arise, is established (is fit, is appropriate, is established, makes sense, arises)

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• न (na) - not

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• आदौ (ādau) - in the beginning, at first

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that, therefore

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect, work, deed

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (introduces a question) (whence, from where, how)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - could arise (may be, should be, would be)

Words meanings and morphology

कुम्भः (kumbhaḥ) - The speaker of this verse, a sage or divine being. (Kumbha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbha

kumbha - pitcher, pot; a proper name (e.g., of a sage like Agastya)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative (lit)

Root vac undergoes reduplication and guṇa/vṛddhi changes in perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which

(indeclinable)

कारणता (kāraṇatā) - causality, the state of being a cause

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kāraṇatā

kāraṇatā - causality, the state of being a cause

Derived from kāraṇa (cause) with the suffix -tā (abstract noun forming suffix).

तस्य (tasya) - Of that [cause]. (of that, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies 'kāraṇatā'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect, work, deed

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - effect, work, deed, that which is to be done

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do) + ya (suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'upapadyate'.

तत् (tat) - That [effect] (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is understood to arise, is established (is fit, is appropriate, is established, makes sense, arises)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upapad

Present Middle Indicative

Derived from root pad (to go, fall) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that which

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

Derived from root kṛ (to do) + ana (suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

आदौ (ādau) - in the beginning, at first

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, commencement, first

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that, therefore

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect, work, deed

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - effect, work, deed, that which is to be done

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do) + ya (suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (introduces a question) (whence, from where, how)

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - could arise (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Present Active Optative

Root: bhū (class 1)