योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-52, verse-8

यस्यारम्भसहस्राणि सुखदुःखप्रदान्यलम् ।
संख्यातुं केन शक्यन्ते कल्लोला जलधेरिव ॥ ८ ॥

yasyārambhasahasrāṇi sukhaduḥkhapradānyalam ,
saṃkhyātuṃ kena śakyante kallolā jaladheriva 8

8. yasya ārambhasahasrāṇi sukhaduḥkhapradāni alam
saṃkhyātum kena śakyante kallolāḥ jaladheḥ iva

8. yasya sukhaduḥkhapradāni alam ārambhasahasrāṇi
kena jaladheḥ kallolāḥ iva saṃkhyātum na śakyante

8. Whose thousands of undertakings, which adequately provide both joy and sorrow, can be counted by anyone, just as the waves of the ocean cannot be counted?

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• आरम्भसहस्राणि (ārambhasahasrāṇi) - thousands of undertakings

• सुखदुःखप्रदानि (sukhaduḥkhapradāni) - providing joy and sorrow

• अलम् (alam) - sufficiently, adequately, indeed, enough

• संख्यातुम् (saṁkhyātum) - to count, to number

• केन (kena) - by whom

• शक्यन्ते (śakyante) - are they able, can be

• कल्लोलाः (kallolāḥ) - waves

• जलधेः (jaladheḥ) - of the ocean, of the water-bearer

• इव (iva) - like, as, similar to

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

Note: Possessive pronoun referring to the subject of the previous verse (mahātman).

आरम्भसहस्राणि (ārambhasahasrāṇi) - thousands of undertakings

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ārambhasahasra

ārambhasahasra - thousands of undertakings

Compound: ārambha (undertaking) + sahasra (thousand).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ārambha+sahasra)

• ārambha – beginning, undertaking, enterprise
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-rabh (to begin).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: rabh (class 1)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'śakyante'.

सुखदुःखप्रदानि (sukhaduḥkhapradāni) - providing joy and sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sukhaduḥkhaprada

sukhaduḥkhaprada - providing joy and sorrow

Compound: sukha (joy) + duḥkha (sorrow) + prada (giving).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+duḥkha+prada)

• sukha – joy, happiness, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• prada – giving, bestowing, granting
  adjective (masculine)
  From pra-dā (to give).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'ārambhasahasrāṇi'.

अलम् (alam) - sufficiently, adequately, indeed, enough

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'pradāni'.

संख्यातुम् (saṁkhyātum) - to count, to number

(verb)

infinitive of saṃkhyā

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root khyā with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Used with 'śakyante'.

केन (kena) - by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun, agent in passive construction.

शक्यन्ते (śakyante) - are they able, can be

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of śak

Present Passive

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: The passive verb, implying rhetorical question: 'cannot be counted by anyone'.

कल्लोलाः (kallolāḥ) - waves

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kallola

kallola - wave, billow

Note: Subject of the simile.

जलधेः (jaladheḥ) - of the ocean, of the water-bearer

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jaladhi

jaladhi - ocean, sea (lit. water-bearer)

Compound: jala (water) + dhi (holding, containing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jala+dhi)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• dhi – holding, containing
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhā (to place, hold).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'kallolāḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, similar to

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating comparison.