योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-74, verse-8

महातपस्विनी सूची किमर्थं तप्यते तपः ।
नेति प्रष्टुं शशाकासौ तत्तेजोराशिनिर्जितः ॥ ८ ॥

mahātapasvinī sūcī kimarthaṃ tapyate tapaḥ ,
neti praṣṭuṃ śaśākāsau tattejorāśinirjitaḥ 8

8. mahātapasvinī sūcī kimarthaṃ tapyate tapaḥ | na
iti praṣṭuṃ śaśāka asau tat tejorāśi nirjitaḥ ||

8. asau tat tejorāśinirjitaḥ mahātapasvinī sūcī
kimarthaṃ tapaḥ tapyate na iti praṣṭuṃ śaśāka

8. Why is the great female ascetic Sūcī performing such severe penance (tapas)? Overwhelmed by her immense radiance, he was unable to ask this question.

Words meanings summery:

• महातपस्विनी (mahātapasvinī) - great ascetic (feminine)

• सूची (sūcī) - Sūcī (proper name)

• किमर्थं (kimarthaṁ) - for what purpose, why

• तप्यते (tapyate) - is performing penance, is heated

• तपः (tapaḥ) - penance (tapas), austerity, heat

• न (na) - not

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• प्रष्टुं (praṣṭuṁ) - to ask

• शशाक (śaśāka) - was able

• असौ (asau) - Maruta (the wind god) (he, that one)

• तत् (tat) - her, its (neuter, referring to Sūcī's radiance)

• तेजोराशि (tejorāśi) - Sūcī's mass of splendor/radiance (mass of splendor/radiance)

• निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - overcome, conquered, vanquished

Words meanings and morphology

महातपस्विनी (mahātapasvinī) - great ascetic (feminine)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahātapasvin

mahātapasvin - great ascetic, one who performs great penance

derived from mahātapas + -vin (possessive suffix)

Note: Refers to Sūcī.

सूची (sūcī) - Sūcī (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sūcī

sūcī - needle; a proper name (feminine)

Root: sūc

Note: The subject of the sentence.

किमर्थं (kimarthaṁ) - for what purpose, why

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which, why
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

तप्यते (tapyate) - is performing penance, is heated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of tap

Atmanepada, present tense

root tap (class 1, 4), here in passive/middle form denoting self-action or suffering.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: The action performed by Sūcī.

तपः (tapaḥ) - penance (tapas), austerity, heat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, penance, austerity, religious mortification

Root: tap

Note: Direct object of tapyate.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the ability to ask.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

प्रष्टुं (praṣṭuṁ) - to ask

(indeclinable)

infinitive

infinitive form of root prach with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Expresses purpose.

शशाक (śaśāka) - was able

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śak

perfect tense (lit.)

root śak (class 5), perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: The main verb of the second sentence.

असौ (asau) - Maruta (the wind god) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Subject of śaśāka.

तत् (tat) - her, its (neuter, referring to Sūcī's radiance)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Part of the compound tattejorāśinirjitaḥ.

तेजोराशि (tejorāśi) - Sūcī's mass of splendor/radiance (mass of splendor/radiance)

(noun)

masculine, singular of tejorāśi

tejorāśi - a mass of splendor, a heap of light/radiance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tejas+rāśi)

• tejas – splendor, radiance, power, energy, light
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij
• rāśi – heap, mass, collection, quantity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāś

Note: Refers to Sūcī's tejas.

निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - overcome, conquered, vanquished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirjita

nirjita - overcome, conquered, defeated, subdued

Past Passive Participle

from root ji (to conquer) with nis prefix.

Prefix: nis

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'asau'. Part of compound tat-tejorāśi-nirjitaḥ.