योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-42, verse-2

यथा बालस्य वेतालो मृतिपर्यन्तदुःखदः ।
असदेव सदाकारं तथा मूढमते जगत् ॥ २ ॥

yathā bālasya vetālo mṛtiparyantaduḥkhadaḥ ,
asadeva sadākāraṃ tathā mūḍhamate jagat 2

2. yathā bālasya vetālaḥ mṛtiparyantaduḥkhadaḥ
asat eva sadākāram tathā mūḍhamate jagat

2. yathā bālasya vetālaḥ mṛtiparyantaduḥkhadaḥ (asti),
tathā mūḍhamate jagat asat eva sadākāram (pratibhāti).

2. Just as for a child, a phantom (vetāla), though unreal, causes suffering until death; similarly, for the deluded intellect (mati), the world (jagat) is essentially unreal (asat) yet appears to possess a real form.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• बालस्य (bālasya) - of a child

• वेतालः (vetālaḥ) - a ghost, a vampire, a phantom (vetāla)

• मृतिपर्यन्तदुःखदः (mṛtiparyantaduḥkhadaḥ) - causing suffering until death

• असत् (asat) - unreal (asat), non-existent

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• सदाकारम् (sadākāram) - having a real form, appearing real

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly

• मूढमते (mūḍhamate) - for the deluded mind/intellect (mati), in the deluded mind's perception

• जगत् (jagat) - the world (jagat), the universe

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

बालस्य (bālasya) - of a child

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, boy, young, innocent

Note: Possessive or dative of relation.

वेतालः (vetālaḥ) - a ghost, a vampire, a phantom (vetāla)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vetāla

vetāla - ghost, vampire, demon, phantom

मृतिपर्यन्तदुःखदः (mṛtiparyantaduḥkhadaḥ) - causing suffering until death

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtiparyantaduḥkhada

mṛtiparyantaduḥkhada - causing pain/suffering up to death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛti+paryanta+duḥkha+da)

• mṛti – death, dying
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'mṛ' (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• paryanta – end, limit, up to, until
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: pari+anta
  Root: am (class 1)
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: dus
• da – giving, causing, bestowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'dā' (to give) + 'a' suffix
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'vetālaḥ'.

असत् (asat) - unreal (asat), non-existent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - unreal, non-existent, untrue, bad

Present Active Participle

Negative prefix 'a' + root 'as' (to be) + śatṛ suffix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – un-, not, non-
  indeclinable
• sat – existent, real, good, true
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root 'as' (to be) + śatṛ suffix.
  Root: as (class 2)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

सदाकारम् (sadākāram) - having a real form, appearing real

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sadākāra

sadākāra - having a real form, appearing existent, having an eternal form

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sat+ākāra)

• sat – existent, real, true
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root 'as' (to be) + śatṛ suffix.
  Root: as (class 2)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, aspect
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly

(indeclinable)

मूढमते (mūḍhamate) - for the deluded mind/intellect (mati), in the deluded mind's perception

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mūḍhamati

mūḍhamati - deluded intellect, foolish mind

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mūḍha+mati)

• mūḍha – deluded, bewildered, foolish
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'muh' (to be bewildered, deluded) + kta suffix.
  Root: muh (class 4)
• mati – intellect (mati), mind, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Locative case conveying 'for' or 'in the perception of'.

जगत् (jagat) - the world (jagat), the universe

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) + śatṛ suffix, reduplicated

Root: gam (class 1)