योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-2, verse-28

वाल्मीकिरुवाच ।
इति निगदितवानसौ महात्मा परिकरबन्धगृहीतवक्तृतेजाः ।
अकथयदिदमज्ञतोपशान्त्यै परमपदैकविबोधनं वसिष्ठः ॥ २८ ॥

vālmīkiruvāca ,
iti nigaditavānasau mahātmā parikarabandhagṛhītavaktṛtejāḥ ,
akathayadidamajñatopaśāntyai paramapadaikavibodhanaṃ vasiṣṭhaḥ 28

28. vālmīkiḥ uvāca iti nigaditavān asau
mahātmā parikarabandhagṛhītavaktṛtejāḥ
akathayat idam ajñatopāśāntyai
paramapadaikavibodhanaṃ vasiṣṭhaḥ

28. vālmīkiḥ uvāca iti asau mahātmā
parikarabandhagṛhītavaktṛtejāḥ
vasiṣṭhaḥ ajñatopāśāntyai
paramapadaikavibodhanaṃ idam akathayat

28. Vālmīki said: Thus, that great soul (mahātmā) Vasiṣṭha, whose oratorical brilliance was made manifest by his firm resolve, narrated this teaching for the cessation of ignorance, a teaching that uniquely awakens one to the supreme state (paramapada).

Words meanings summery:

• वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - The sage Vālmīki, narrator of the Yoga-Vasiṣṭha. (Vālmīki)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, indicates conclusion or quotation

• निगदितवान् (nigaditavān) - having spoken, having narrated

• असौ (asau) - Refers to Vasiṣṭha. (that (one), he)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - Refers to Vasiṣṭha, who is revered as a great sage. (great-souled, noble, a great soul, a great person)

• परिकरबन्धगृहीतवक्तृतेजाः (parikarabandhagṛhītavaktṛtejāḥ) - Describes Vasiṣṭha's preparedness and brilliance in speaking. (whose power as a speaker was seized/manifested by determination/preparation.)

• अकथयत् (akathayat) - narrated, spoke, told

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the teaching (paramapadaikavibodhanaṃ). (this)

• अज्ञतोपाशान्त्यै (ajñatopāśāntyai) - Explains the purpose of Vasiṣṭha's teaching. (for the cessation of ignorance, for appeasing ignorance.)

• परमपदैकविबोधनं (paramapadaikavibodhanaṁ) - The core subject of Vasiṣṭha's teaching, leading to final liberation (mokṣa). (the unique awakening/enlightenment concerning the supreme state/abode.)

• वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - The venerable sage Vasiṣṭha, the main speaker in Yoga-Vasiṣṭha. (Vasiṣṭha (a venerable sage, preceptor of Rāma))

Words meanings and morphology

वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - The sage Vālmīki, narrator of the Yoga-Vasiṣṭha. (Vālmīki)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālmīki

vālmīki - The sage Vālmīki, author of the Rāmāyaṇa.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Irregular perfect formation from √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, indicates conclusion or quotation

(indeclinable)

निगदितवान् (nigaditavān) - having spoken, having narrated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nigadita

nigadita - spoken, narrated.

past active participle

From ni- + √gad (to speak), formed with the suffix -tavat.

Prefix: ni

Root: gad (class 1)

Note: Refers to Vasiṣṭha.

असौ (asau) - Refers to Vasiṣṭha. (that (one), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder, this.

Demonstrative pronoun.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - Refers to Vasiṣṭha, who is revered as a great sage. (great-souled, noble, a great soul, a great person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, a great personality.

From mahā (great) + ātman (soul).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Vasiṣṭha.

परिकरबन्धगृहीतवक्तृतेजाः (parikarabandhagṛhītavaktṛtejāḥ) - Describes Vasiṣṭha's preparedness and brilliance in speaking. (whose power as a speaker was seized/manifested by determination/preparation.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parikarabandhagṛhītavaktṛtejas

parikarabandhagṛhītavaktṛtejas - One whose oratorical brilliance is grasped/manifested by his resolve/preparation.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parikarabandha+gṛhīta+vaktṛtejas)

• parikarabandha – girding up of loins, preparation, resolve, determination.
  noun (masculine)
• gṛhīta – taken, seized, grasped, accepted, assumed.
  past passive participle
  past passive participle
  From √grah (to seize, take) with the suffix -ta.
  Root: grah (class 9)
• vaktṛtejas – the brilliance/power of a speaker/orator.
  noun (neuter)
  From vaktṛ (speaker) + tejas (radiance, power).

Note: Qualifies Vasiṣṭha.

अकथयत् (akathayat) - narrated, spoke, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kath

imperfect active

Denominative verb from kathā (story), 10th class. Imperfect 3rd singular.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: The action performed by Vasiṣṭha.

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the teaching (paramapadaikavibodhanaṃ). (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here.

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Takes neuter singular form to agree with paramapadaikavibodhanaṃ.

अज्ञतोपाशान्त्यै (ajñatopāśāntyai) - Explains the purpose of Vasiṣṭha's teaching. (for the cessation of ignorance, for appeasing ignorance.)

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of ajñatopāśānti

ajñatopāśānti - cessation/pacification of ignorance.

From ajñatā (ignorance) + upaśānti (cessation, appeasement).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ajñatā+upaśānti)

• ajñatā – ignorance, nescience, foolishness.
  noun (feminine)
  From ajña (ignorant) + -tā (suffix forming feminine abstract nouns).
• upaśānti – cessation, pacification, appeasement, tranquility.
  noun (feminine)
  From upa- + √śam (to be quiet, cease).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Expresses purpose.

परमपदैकविबोधनं (paramapadaikavibodhanaṁ) - The core subject of Vasiṣṭha's teaching, leading to final liberation (mokṣa). (the unique awakening/enlightenment concerning the supreme state/abode.)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paramapadaikavibodhana

paramapadaikavibodhana - The sole enlightenment on the supreme state (paramapada).

Compound of paramapada (supreme state) + eka (sole) + vibodhana (awakening).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paramapada+eka+vibodhana)

• paramapada – the highest state, supreme abode, ultimate goal (referring to mokṣa or brahman).
  noun (neuter)
  From parama (supreme) + pada (state, abode).
• eka – one, sole, unique, principal.
  adjective
• vibodhana – awakening, enlightenment, understanding.
  noun (action noun) (neuter)
  action noun
  From vi- + √budh (to awaken, understand) with suffix -ana.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Object of `akathayat`.

वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - The venerable sage Vasiṣṭha, the main speaker in Yoga-Vasiṣṭha. (Vasiṣṭha (a venerable sage, preceptor of Rāma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha, a celebrated Vedic sage, one of the seven great ṛṣis, preceptor of Ikṣvāku dynasty.

Note: Subject of the verb `akathayat`.