योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-2, verse-21

अशिष्यायाविरक्ताय यत्किंचिदुपदिश्यते ।
तत्प्रयात्यपवित्रत्वं गोक्षीरं श्वदृताविव ॥ २१ ॥

aśiṣyāyāviraktāya yatkiṃcidupadiśyate ,
tatprayātyapavitratvaṃ gokṣīraṃ śvadṛtāviva 21

21. aśiṣyāya aviraktāya yat kiñcit upadiśyate tat
prayāti apavitratvam gokṣīram śvadṛtau iva

21. yat kiñcit aśiṣyāya aviraktāya upadiśyate,
tat apavitratvam prayāti,
gokṣīram śvadṛtau iva

21. Whatever is imparted to an unworthy or attached student becomes impure, just like cow's milk (kṣīram) placed in a dog's hide.

Words meanings summery:

• अशिष्याय (aśiṣyāya) - to an unworthy student, to one who is not a disciple

• अविरक्ताय (aviraktāya) - to an attached person, to one who is not dispassionate

• यत् (yat) - whatever, that which

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything, a little

• उपदिश्यते (upadiśyate) - is instructed, is taught, is imparted

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes to, attains, becomes

• अपवित्रत्वम् (apavitratvam) - impurity, defilement, unholiness

• गोक्षीरम् (gokṣīram) - cow's milk

• श्वदृतौ (śvadṛtau) - in a dog's hide/bag

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

अशिष्याय (aśiṣyāya) - to an unworthy student, to one who is not a disciple

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of aśiṣya

aśiṣya - not a pupil, unworthy student

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śiṣya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śiṣya – student, disciple
  noun (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Root 'śās' (to teach) + suffix 'ya'
  Root: śās

अविरक्ताय (aviraktāya) - to an attached person, to one who is not dispassionate

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of avirakta

avirakta - not dispassionate, attached, un-averse

Past Passive Participle

Negation 'a-' + prefix 'vi-' + root 'rañj' (to color, be attached) + suffix 'ta'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+virakta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• virakta – dispassionate, detached, indifferent, averse
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix 'vi-' + root 'rañj' (to color, be attached) + suffix 'ta'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rañj (class 1)

यत् (yat) - whatever, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything, a little

(indeclinable)

उपदिश्यते (upadiśyate) - is instructed, is taught, is imparted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of upadiś

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes to, attains, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prayā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

अपवित्रत्वम् (apavitratvam) - impurity, defilement, unholiness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apavitratva

apavitratva - impurity, unholiness

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pavitra+tva)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• pavitra – pure, holy, sacred
  adjective
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns (e.g., -ness, -hood)
  indeclinable

गोक्षीरम् (gokṣīram) - cow's milk

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gokṣīra

gokṣīra - cow's milk

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (go+kṣīra)

• go – cow, ox, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• kṣīra – milk, fluid
  noun (neuter)

श्वदृतौ (śvadṛtau) - in a dog's hide/bag

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śvadṛti

śvadṛti - dog's leather bag/hide

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śvan+dṛti)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• dṛti – leather bag, waterskin, hide
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)