योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-2, verse-25

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
मुने यदादिशसि मे तदविघ्नं करोम्यहम् ।
कः समर्थः समर्थोऽपि सतां लङ्घयितुं वचः ॥ २५ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
mune yadādiśasi me tadavighnaṃ karomyaham ,
kaḥ samarthaḥ samartho'pi satāṃ laṅghayituṃ vacaḥ 25

25. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca mune yat ādiśasi me tat avighnam karomi
aham kaḥ samarthaḥ samarthaḥ api satām laṅghayitum vacaḥ

25. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca mune yat me ādiśasi,
tat aham avighnam karomi.
kaḥ samarthaḥ,
samarthaḥ api,
satām vacaḥ laṅghayitum?

25. The venerable Vasiṣṭha said: 'O sage, I shall fulfill unimpededly whatever you command me. For who, even if capable, would be able to transgress the word (vacas) of the righteous (sat)?'

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The venerable Vasiṣṭha

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• मुने (mune) - Refers to Viśvāmitra, the interlocutor. (O sage!)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which, that (relative pronoun))

• आदिशसि (ādiśasi) - you command, you instruct

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my, for me)

• तत् (tat) - that (command) (that (demonstrative pronoun))

• अविघ्नम् (avighnam) - without hindrance, unimpeded

• करोमि (karomi) - I will accomplish (I do, I make, I perform)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able

• समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able

• अपि (api) - even if (even, also, too)

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of the righteous (plural)

• लङ्घयितुम् (laṅghayitum) - to transgress, to overstep, to disobey

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, command (word, speech, command)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The venerable Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - Venerable Vasiṣṭha, glorious Vasiṣṭha

Compound type : tatpurusha (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – glory, wealth, prosperity, veneration, holy
  adjective (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – most excellent, best, (proper noun) a celebrated Vedic sage
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

मुने (mune) - Refers to Viśvāmitra, the interlocutor. (O sage!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the command.

आदिशसि (ādiśasi) - you command, you instruct

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of diś

Present Tense

2nd person singular present active

Prefix: ā

Root: diś (class 6)

मे (me) - to me (to me, my, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Dative singular, meaning "to me."

तत् (tat) - that (command) (that (demonstrative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Acts as object of karomi.

अविघ्नम् (avighnam) - without hindrance, unimpeded

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avighna

avighna - without obstacle, unimpeded, undisturbed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+vighna)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
• vighna – obstacle, impediment, hindrance
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially.

करोमि (karomi) - I will accomplish (I do, I make, I perform)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of kṛ

Present Tense

1st person singular present active

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Subject of karomi.

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - able, capable, competent, suitable

From sa-artha (having purpose/meaning) or sam-artha (able to achieve aim)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+artha)

• sa – with, together with, possessing
  prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, goal
  noun (masculine)

समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - able, capable, competent, suitable

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+artha)

• sa – with, together with, possessing
  prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, goal
  noun (masculine)

Note: Redundant for emphasis, or part of samartho 'pi where api acts as 'even'.

अपि (api) - even if (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of the righteous (plural)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existing, real, true, good, righteous, virtuous

Present Active Participle

Derived from √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Genitive plural of sat.

लङ्घयितुम् (laṅghayitum) - to transgress, to overstep, to disobey

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of laṅgh

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the causative of √lagh (to move quickly, to pass)

Root: laṅgh (class 10)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, command (word, speech, command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, command, statement

Note: Object of laṅghayitum.