वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-80, verse-15

स राजा तेन वाक्येन प्रत्याश्वस्तो महायशाः ।
प्रत्युवाच शुभं वाक्यं दीनो भृत्यजनक्षयात् ॥१५॥

15. sa rājā tena vākyena pratyāśvasto mahāyaśāḥ ,
pratyuvāca śubhaṃ vākyaṃ dīno bhṛtyajanakṣayāt.

15. sa rājā tena vākyena pratyāśvastaḥ mahāyaśāḥ
pratyuvāca śubham vākyam dīnaḥ bhṛtyajanakṣayāt

15. sa rājā mahāyaśāḥ tena vākyena pratyāśvastaḥ
dīnaḥ bhṛtyajanakṣayāt śubham vākyam pratyuvāca

15. That greatly renowned king, reassured by those words, replied with auspicious words, being distressed due to the destruction of his servants.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - That (king) (that, he)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• तेन (tena) - by those (words) (by that)

• वाक्येन (vākyena) - by those words (by the word, by the speech)

• प्रत्याश्वस्तः (pratyāśvastaḥ) - reassured (reassured, recovered, comforted)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - greatly renowned (greatly renowned, highly famous)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he spoke in return

• शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious (auspicious, good, beautiful)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

• दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed (distressed, miserable, sad)

• भृत्यजनक्षयात् (bhṛtyajanakṣayāt) - due to the destruction of his servants (due to the destruction of his servants/people)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - That (king) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Masculine nominative singular.

Note: Qualifies rājā.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Masculine nominative singular.

Root: rāj

Note: Subject of pratyuvāca.

तेन (tena) - by those (words) (by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he

Neuter instrumental singular.

वाक्येन (vākyena) - by those words (by the word, by the speech)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Neuter instrumental singular.

Root: vac

Note: Instrument of pratyāśvastaḥ.

प्रत्याश्वस्तः (pratyāśvastaḥ) - reassured (reassured, recovered, comforted)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyāśvasta

pratyāśvasta - reassured, recovered, comforted

Past Passive Participle

From root āśvas (to reassure) with prefix prati, and suffix -ta.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Qualifies rājā.

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - greatly renowned (greatly renowned, highly famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly renowned, highly famous

Nominative singular.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+yaśas)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yaś

Note: Qualifies rājā.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he spoke in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prativac

Perfect tense

Root vac (to speak) with prefix prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Verb for rājā.

शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious (auspicious, good, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, pure

Neuter accusative singular.

Note: Qualifies vākyam.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Neuter accusative singular.

Root: vac

Note: Object of pratyuvāca.

दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed (distressed, miserable, sad)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, miserable, sad, afflicted, humble

Past Passive Participle

From root dai (to be weary) or dī (to waste away) with suffix -na.

Root: dai (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rājā.

भृत्यजनक्षयात् (bhṛtyajanakṣayāt) - due to the destruction of his servants (due to the destruction of his servants/people)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhṛtyajanakṣaya

bhṛtyajanakṣaya - destruction of servants/people

Ablative singular.

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhṛtya+jana+kṣaya)

• bhṛtya – servant, attendant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• kṣaya – destruction, decay, loss, end
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi (to destroy).
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Indicates cause.