वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-33, verse-7

पुरोहितो ऽस्य गृह्यार्घ्यं मधुपर्कं तथैव च ।
पुरस्तात् प्रययौ राज्ञ इन्द्रस्येव बृहस्पतिः ॥७॥

7. purohito'sya gṛhyārghyaṃ madhuparkaṃ tathaiva ca ,
purastāt prayayau rājña indrasyeva bṛhaspatiḥ.

7. purohitaḥ asya gṛhya arghyaṃ madhuparkaṃ tathā eva
ca purastāt prayayau rājñaḥ indrasya iva bṛhaspatiḥ

7. asya purohitaḥ arghyaṃ madhuparkaṃ tathā eva ca gṛhya
rājñaḥ purastāt bṛhaspatiḥ indrasya iva prayayau

7. His priest, taking the ritual water (arghya) and the honorific honey-mixture (madhuparka), went ahead of the king, just as Brihaspati precedes Indra.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - (his) priest (priest, family priest)

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the king's priest) (his, of him)

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - taking, holding (having taken, holding)

• अर्घ्यं (arghyaṁ) - ritual water offering (water offering, reverence)

• मधुपर्कं (madhuparkaṁ) - honorific honey-mixture offering (honorific offering (honey-mixture))

• तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing the 'tathā') (only, just, indeed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - ahead of (in front of, before)

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - went ahead (went forth, preceded)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• इन्द्रस्य (indrasya) - of Indra

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Brihaspati (Brihaspati (preceptor of the gods))

Words meanings and morphology

पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - (his) priest (priest, family priest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purohita

purohita - family priest, spiritual guide, one placed in front

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (puras+hita)

• puras – in front, before, eastward
  indeclinable
• hita – placed, appointed, beneficial
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of root dhā (class 3) 'to place, put'
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: subject of 'prayayau'

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the king's priest) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: refers to the king (rājñaḥ)

गृह्य (gṛhya) - taking, holding (having taken, holding)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

absolutive from root grah (class 9) 'to seize, take, hold'

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: modifies the action of 'prayayau'

अर्घ्यं (arghyaṁ) - ritual water offering (water offering, reverence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arghya

arghya - a respectful offering (especially of water) to an honored guest, worthy of reverence

gerundive/nominal derivative

from argh (to honor), denoting 'that which is offered'

Root: argh (class 1)

Note: object of 'gṛhya'

मधुपर्कं (madhuparkaṁ) - honorific honey-mixture offering (honorific offering (honey-mixture))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madhuparka

madhuparka - an honorific offering consisting of a mixture of honey, curd, ghee, water, and sugar given to a guest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+parka)

• madhu – honey, sweet, liquor
  noun (neuter)
• parka – mixture
  noun (masculine)
  from pṛc (to mix)
  Root: pṛc (class 7)

Note: object of 'gṛhya'

तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction (along with 'ca' and 'eva')

एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing the 'tathā') (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: emphatic particle

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunctive particle

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - ahead of (in front of, before)

(indeclinable)

Note: adverb of place

प्रययौ (prayayau) - went ahead (went forth, preceded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prayā

perfect (liṭ)

3rd person singular perfect active of root yā (class 2) 'to go' with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: possessive, modifies 'purastāt' (ahead of the king)

इन्द्रस्य (indrasya) - of Indra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of devas)

Note: comparison (Indra's preceptor)

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: particle of comparison

बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Brihaspati (Brihaspati (preceptor of the gods))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Brihaspati (preceptor of the gods, planet Jupiter)

Note: subject of comparison (implies 'precedes')