वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-33, verse-13

तं धर्मे ऽग्निषु भृत्येषु शिवं पृष्ट्वाथ पार्थिवम् ।
पुलस्त्योवाच राजानं हैहयानां तदार्जुनम् ॥१३॥

13. taṃ dharme'gniṣu bhṛtyeṣu śivaṃ pṛṣṭvātha pārthivam ,
pulastyovāca rājānaṃ haihayānāṃ tadārjunam.

13. tam dharme agniṣu bhṛtyeṣu śivam pṛṣṭvā atha pārthivam
pulastyaḥ uvāca rājānam haihayānām tat arjunam

13. atha pulastyaḥ haihayānām rājānam tat arjunam tam
pārthivam dharme agniṣu bhṛtyeṣu śivam pṛṣṭvā uvāca

13. Then, after inquiring about the king's well-being concerning his constitution (dharma), his sacred fires, and his servants, Pulastya spoke to Arjuna, that king of the Haihayas.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

• धर्मे (dharme) - regarding his constitution (dharma) (as a king) (in (his) constitution, in (his) natural law, in (his) intrinsic nature, in (his) righteousness)

• अग्निषु (agniṣu) - regarding his sacred fires (for Vedic rituals) (in the fires, among the fires)

• भृत्येषु (bhṛtyeṣu) - regarding his servants (in the servants, among the servants)

• शिवम् (śivam) - well-being, welfare (welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune)

• पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having inquired (about his welfare) (having asked, having inquired)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - the king (Arjuna) (king, earthly ruler, pertaining to the earth)

• पुलस्त्यः (pulastyaḥ) - the sage Pulastya (Pulastya (a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Pulastya spoke (he spoke, he said)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king (Arjuna) (king, ruler)

• हैहयानाम् (haihayānām) - of the Haihaya clan/kings (of the Haihayas)

• तत् (tat) - that (Arjuna) (that, him)

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - (King) Arjuna (Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Masculine, singular, accusative.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

धर्मे (dharme) - regarding his constitution (dharma) (as a king) (in (his) constitution, in (his) natural law, in (his) intrinsic nature, in (his) righteousness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: The locative implies 'concerning' or 'in the matter of'.

अग्निषु (agniṣu) - regarding his sacred fires (for Vedic rituals) (in the fires, among the fires)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of agni

agni - fire, god of fire, sacred fire

भृत्येषु (bhṛtyeṣu) - regarding his servants (in the servants, among the servants)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - servant, subordinate, employed

Gerundive from bhṛ (to bear, support, maintain)

From root bhṛ + -tya suffix.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

शिवम् (śivam) - well-being, welfare (welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, prosperous, benevolent; welfare, good fortune

Can function as a noun (neuter).

पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having inquired (about his welfare) (having asked, having inquired)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root praś (to ask) with -tvā suffix.

Root: praś (class 6)

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - the king (Arjuna) (king, earthly ruler, pertaining to the earth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, a king, ruler

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

पुलस्त्यः (pulastyaḥ) - the sage Pulastya (Pulastya (a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pulastya

pulastya - Pulastya (name of a rishi, one of the ten Prajapatis created by Brahma)

उवाच (uvāca) - Pulastya spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (Liṭ)

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, Perfect.

Root: vac (class 2)

राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king (Arjuna) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Masculine n-stem.

Root: rāj (class 1)

हैहयानाम् (haihayānām) - of the Haihaya clan/kings (of the Haihayas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haihaya

haihaya - name of an ancient ruling dynasty or clan

तत् (tat) - that (Arjuna) (that, him)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - (King) Arjuna (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a name), white, silver

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