वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-33, verse-3

स वायुमार्गमास्थाय वायुतुल्यगतिर्द्विजः ।
पुरीं माहिष्मतीं प्राप्तो मनःसंतापविक्रमः ॥३॥

3. sa vāyumārgamāsthāya vāyutulyagatirdvijaḥ ,
purīṃ māhiṣmatīṃ prāpto manaḥsaṃtāpavikramaḥ.

3. saḥ vāyumārgam āsthāya vāyutulyagatiḥ dvijaḥ
purīm māhiṣmatīm prāptaḥ manaḥsaṃtāpavikramaḥ

3. saḥ dvijaḥ vāyumārgam āsthāya vāyutulyagatiḥ manaḥsaṃtāpavikramaḥ māhiṣmatīm purīm prāptaḥ.

3. He, the twice-born (dvija), having taken the aerial route with speed like the wind, reached the city of Māhiṣmatī, his valor distressed by mental anguish.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - the sage Pulastya (he, that)

• वायुमार्गम् (vāyumārgam) - the sky-path, aerial route

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken, having resorted to, having adopted

• वायुतुल्यगतिः (vāyutulyagatiḥ) - having speed like the wind

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the twice-born (dvija) sage Pulastya (twice-born (brahmin, bird, snake, tooth))

• पुरीम् (purīm) - city, town

• माहिष्मतीम् (māhiṣmatīm) - Māhiṣmatī (name of a city)

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - reached, obtained, arrived

• मनःसंतापविक्रमः (manaḥsaṁtāpavikramaḥ) - whose valor is distressed by mental anguish

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - the sage Pulastya (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वायुमार्गम् (vāyumārgam) - the sky-path, aerial route

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāyumārga

vāyumārga - air-path, aerial route, sky-path

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vāyu+mārga)

• vāyu – wind, air, god of wind (Vāyu)
  noun (masculine)
• mārga – path, road, way, route
  noun (masculine)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken, having resorted to, having adopted

(indeclinable participle)

वायुतुल्यगतिः (vāyutulyagatiḥ) - having speed like the wind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyutulyagati

vāyutulyagati - whose speed is like the wind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāyu+tulya+gati)

• vāyu – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• tulya – similar, equal, like
  adjective (masculine)
• gati – motion, speed, course, going
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'dvijaḥ'.

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the twice-born (dvija) sage Pulastya (twice-born (brahmin, bird, snake, tooth))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya), bird, tooth, snake

From dvi (two) + √jan (to be born).

Note: Refers to Pulastya.

पुरीम् (purīm) - city, town

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, stronghold

माहिष्मतीम् (māhiṣmatīm) - Māhiṣmatī (name of a city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of māhiṣmatī

māhiṣmatī - Māhiṣmatī (name of an ancient city, capital of Kārtavīrya Arjuna)

Note: Agrees with 'purīm'.

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - reached, obtained, arrived

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - reached, attained, obtained, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √āp (to obtain, reach) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' and 'dvijaḥ'.

मनःसंतापविक्रमः (manaḥsaṁtāpavikramaḥ) - whose valor is distressed by mental anguish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manaḥsaṃtāpavikrama

manaḥsaṁtāpavikrama - whose valor/power is troubled by mental anguish

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (manaḥsaṃtāpa+vikrama)

• manaḥsaṃtāpa – mental anguish, distress of mind
  noun (masculine)
• vikrama – valor, power, courage, stride
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ' and 'dvijaḥ'.