वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-98, verse-23

न कामकारः कामं वा तव राक्षसपुंगव ।
दैवं चेष्टयते सर्वं हतं दैवेन हन्यते ॥२३॥

23. na kāmakāraḥ kāmaṃ vā tava rākṣasapuṃgava ,
daivaṃ ceṣṭayate sarvaṃ hataṃ daivena hanyate.

23. na kāmakāraḥ kāmam vā tava rākṣasapuṅgava
daivam ceṣṭayate sarvam hatam daivena hanyate

23. rākṣasapuṅgava tava kāmakāraḥ vā kāmam na
daivam sarvam ceṣṭayate daivena hatam hanyate

23. O foremost among the Rākṣasas, neither your own will nor your desire truly governs events. Divine destiny (daivam) directs everything, and what is destined to be struck down is indeed struck down by it.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, neither

• कामकारः (kāmakāraḥ) - free will, arbitrary action, action from desire

• कामम् (kāmam) - desire, wish, according to desire

• वा (vā) - or, and, like

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• राक्षसपुङ्गव (rākṣasapuṅgava) - Addressed to Rāvaṇa, the Rākṣasa king. (O best of Rākṣasas, O chief of Rākṣasas)

• दैवम् (daivam) - divine destiny, fate, divine power

• चेष्टयते (ceṣṭayate) - makes act, causes to move, exerts

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, whole

• हतम् (hatam) - struck, killed, destroyed

• दैवेन (daivena) - by divine destiny, by fate

• हन्यते (hanyate) - is struck, is killed, is destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, neither

(indeclinable)

कामकारः (kāmakāraḥ) - free will, arbitrary action, action from desire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmakāra

kāmakāra - action from desire, free will, arbitrariness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+kāra)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, will
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• kāra – making, doing, action
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कामम् (kāmam) - desire, wish, according to desire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, will

Root: kam (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, and, like

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

राक्षसपुङ्गव (rākṣasapuṅgava) - Addressed to Rāvaṇa, the Rākṣasa king. (O best of Rākṣasas, O chief of Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rākṣasapuṅgava

rākṣasapuṅgava - best of Rākṣasas, chief of Rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+puṅgava)

• rākṣasa – Rākṣasa (a class of mythological beings, often demonic)
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

दैवम् (daivam) - divine destiny, fate, divine power

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - relating to gods, divine, fate, destiny

चेष्टयते (ceṣṭayate) - makes act, causes to move, exerts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of ceṣṭ

causative

Root `ceṣṭ` (1.P) + `णिच्` (causative) + `लट्` (present) + `आत्मनेपद` (middle voice)

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Causative verb, used in the middle voice.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, whole

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

हतम् (hatam) - struck, killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hata

hata - struck, killed, destroyed, smitten

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `han` (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

दैवेन (daivena) - by divine destiny, by fate

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - relating to gods, divine, fate, destiny

हन्यते (hanyate) - is struck, is killed, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of han

Root: han (class 2)

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